Chapter 13 Vocab

Question 1

albumin

Answer 1

protein in blood; maintains the proper amount of water in blood

Question 2

antibody (Ab)

Answer 2

specific protein (immunoglobulin) produced by lymphocytes in response to bacteria, viruses and other antigens

Question 3

antigen

Answer 3

substance (usually foreign) that stimulates production of an antibody

Question 4

basophil

Answer 4

white blood cell containing granules that appear blue; associated with release of histamine and heparin

Question 5

bilirubin

Answer 5

orange-yellow pigment in bile; formed by breakdown of hemoglobin when red blood cells are destroyed

Question 6

coagulation

Answer 6

blood clotting

Question 7

colony-stimulating factor (CSF)

Answer 7

protein that stimulates growth on white blood cells (granulocytes)

Question 8

differentiation

Answer 8

change in structure and function of a cell as it matures; speacialization

Question 9

electrophoresis

Answer 9

method of separating serum proteins by electrical charge

Question 10

eosinophil

Answer 10

white blood cell containing granules that stain red; associated with allergic reactions

Question 11

erythroblast

Answer 11

immature red blood cell

Question 12

erythrocyte

Answer 12

red blood cell; 5 million per cubic millimeter

Question 13

eythropoietin

Answer 13

hormone secreted by kidneys; stimulates red blood cell formation

Question 14

fibrin

Answer 14

protein that forms the basis of a blood clot

Question 15

fibrinogen

Answer 15

plasma protein that is converted to fibrin in the clotting process

Question 16

globulin

Answer 16

plasma protein; alpha, beta and gamma (immune) are examples

Question 17

granulocyte

Answer 17

white blood cell with numerous dark staining granules; eosinophil, neutrophil and basophil

Question 18

hematopoietic stem cell

Answer 18

cell in bone marrow that gives rise to all types of blood cells

Question 19

hemoglobin

Answer 19

blood protein containing iron; carries oxygen in red blood cells

Question 20

heparin

Answer 20

anticoagulant found in blood and tissue cells

Question 21

immune reaction

Answer 21

response of the immune system to foreign invasion

Question 22

immunoglobulin

Answer 22

protein (a globulin) with antibody activity; examples are IgG, IgM, IgA,etc

Question 23

leukocyte

Answer 23

white blood cell

Question 24

lymphocyte

Answer 24

mononuclear white blood cell that produces antibodies

Question 25

macrophage

Answer 25

monocyte that migrates from the blood to tissue spaces. as a phagocyte, it engulfs foreign material and debris. in the liver, spleen and bone marrow it destroys worn out red blood cells

Question 26

megakaryocyte

Answer 26

large platelet precursor cell found in bone marrow

Question 27

monocyte

Answer 27

leukocyte with one large nucleus; engulfs foreign material and debris and become macrophages when the leave the blood and enter body tissues

Question 28

mononuclear

Answer 28

pertaining to a cell with a single large nucleus

Question 29

myeloblast

Answer 29

immature bone marrow that gives rise to granulocytes

Question 30

neutrophil

Answer 30

granulocytic leukocyte formed in bone marrow; phagocytic tissue fighting cell

Question 31

plasma

Answer 31

liquid portion of the blood; contains water protein, salt, nutrients, lipids, hormones and vitamins

Question 32

plasmapheresis

Answer 32

removal of plasma from withdrawn blood

Question 33

platelet

Answer 33

small blood fragment that collects at sites of injury to begin the clotting process

Question 34

polymorphonuclear

Answer 34

pertaining to a white blood cell with a multilobed nucleus; neutrophil

Question 35

prothrombin

Answer 35

plasma protein, converted to thrombin in the clotting process

Question 36

reticulocyte

Answer 36

immature erythrocyte; a series of strands (reticulin) is seen after staining the cell with special dyes

Question 37

Rh factor

Answer 37

antigen on red blood cells on Rh+ individuals

Question 38

serum

Answer 38

plasma minus that clotting proteins and cells; clear, yellow fluid that separates from blood when it is allowed to clot

Question 39

stem cell

Answer 39

specialized cell that gives rise to mature, specialized forms

Question 40

thrombin

Answer 40

enzyme that converts fibrinogen to fibrin during coagulation

Question 41

thrombocyte

Answer 41

platelet