Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

anatomy > Practical class 2 muscles and nerves > Flashcards

Practical class 2 muscles and nerves Flashcards

1
Q

What are muscles called if they only attach to the trunnk

A

Axial muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are muscles called if they attach from the trunk to the limb muscles?

A

Appendicular muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What kind of tissue are tendons?

A

Dense regular connective tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the name given to the proximal/superior attachment of a muscle?

A

Origin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the name given to the inferior/distal attachment of the muscle?

A

Insertion (usually the moving end of the muscle)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the name given to the type of tendons of the abdominal oblique muscles?

A

Aponeurosis - flat thin and broad

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Which bicep muscle crosses three joints?

A

Biceps Brachii

Shoulder and elbow and Radioulna joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are muscles called that span the medial sagital plane, from one side of the body to the other?

A

Diaphragm - tendon situated in the centre of the muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the shape of the deltoid?

A

Triangular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is a pair of muscles combining in an antagonistic way to carry out a particular action on a joint called?

A

An antagonistic pair

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is a synergist?

A

Muscle that performs the same set of movement as the agonist. Assists the movement of the joint. Stabilize movements and ensure movement falls within a safe range of motion.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is a fixator?

A

Stabilises the joint and prevents dislocation.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What compartmentalises muscle?

A

Deep fascial intermuscular septa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the characteristics of each compartment?

A

Common nerves supplying all the muscles in the compartment, common actions in all the muscles of the compartment.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What supplies the muscles of the upper limb?

A

The brachial plexus - C5 - T1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What supplies the muscles of the lower limbs?

A

The lumbosacral plexus - L1 - S4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

How many layers of oblique muscles exist on either side of the rectus abdominis?

A

3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What direction do the fibres face in the three layers of oblique muscles

A

90 degrees to each other

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What does the word rectus mean?

A

Straight

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the function of the aponeurosis?

A

Takes the function of tendons in sheet like muscles.

21
Q

Why are the anterior muscle of the anterior abdominal wall flat?

A

Allows organ function
Keeps viscera in the abdominal cavity
Keeps the viscera in the anatomical position against the effects of gravity

22
Q

What does the word brevis mean?

A

Short

23
Q

Define multipennate

A

When fibres converge like barbs on feathers to several central tendons.

24
Q

What does the term teres mean?

A

Rounded

25
Q

Where do the muscle fibres of the diaphragm attach?

A

A 3 leafed central tendon and peripherally to bony structures

26
Q

What are the features of skeletal muscle?

A 
Striations
Multinucleate
Peripheral nucleus
Oval nucleus
Z disks
27
Q

What are the features of smooth muscle?

A

Elongated nucleus
No Z disks
Single central nucleus

28
Q

What are the features of cardiac muscle?

A 
Branched
Shorter fibres
Intercalated disks
Z disks
Striated 
Oval central nucleus
29
Q

Where is the mixed spinal nerve formed?

A

In the intervertebral foramen

30
Q

What does the ventral ramus supply?

A

Supplies the skin muscles and bone of the anterolateral sides of the trunk as well as the entire upper and lower limbs

31
Q

What does the dorsal ramus supply?

A

The posterior side of the trunk only

32
Q

Where do you find intercostal nerve 7?

A

Below the rib of the same number

33
Q

Which 6 intercostal nerves also supply the muscles of the anterior abdominal wall?

A

T7-T12

34
Q

A cutaneous nerve can contain nerve fibres from how many spinal nerves?

A

Several

35
Q

What is a dermatome?

A

A strip of skin supplied by fibres coming from only one single spinal nerve.

36
Q

What joint occurs in the midline of the trunk at dermatome T2

A

The sternal angle

37
Q

What surface features of the body are found at dermatome T4?

A

Nipple

38
Q

What feature of the body marks the dermatome T10?

A

Umbilicus

39
Q

What region of the body is the dermatome L1 found?

A

The skin over the groin

40
Q

What is meant by a nerve plexus?

A

Nerves containing mixed fibres from more than one spinal nerve

41
Q

What is the endoneurium?

A

A layer of delicate connective tissue around the myelin sheath of each nerve fibre

42
Q

What is a fasicle?

A

A bundle of fibres

43
Q

What is the perineurium?

A

A protective sheath surrounding the fasicle

44
Q

What is the epineurium?

A

Another sheath, which surrounds multiple fasicles, each with their own blood supply and fatty tissue

45
Q

What is hiltons law?

A

The nerve supplying the muscle that crosses a joint and act at a joint, also innervate the joint

A sensory nerve supplying the joint also supplies the skin overlying the joint.

46
Q

What is the endomysium?

A

A layer of aeriolar connective tissue that ensheaths each individual myocyte (muscle fibre). It contains capillaries and nerves

47
Q

What is the perimysium?

A

A sheath of connective tissue that bundles muscle fibres into fasicles

48
Q

What is the epimycium?

A

A fibrous tissue envelope that ensheathes the entire muscle and protects muscles from friction against other muscles and bones.

anatomy (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions