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Antimicrobials classes Flashcards

1
Q

Cephradine

A

Cephalosporins
1st generation
cell wall synthesis inhibitor

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2
Q

streptomycin

A

Protein synthesis inhibitor
IRRerversibly binds to 30 S Rib.
synergistic w/ B-lactams

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3
Q

gentamicin

A

Protein synthesis inhibitor
IRRerversibly binds to 30 S Rib.
synergistic w/ B-lactams

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4
Q

macrolides

A

Protein synthesis inhibitor
binds 50S R.
Erythromycin, Clarithromycin, Asithromycin, Telithromycin

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5
Q

monobactam

A

cell wall synthesis inhibitor like penicillin

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6
Q

Nitrofurantoin

A

UTI gram + and -

unknown use

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7
Q

Imipenem

A

Carbapenems
cell wall synthesis inhibitor like penicillin
gram + anareobes + pseudo

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8
Q

Proxetil

A

Cephalosporins
3rd generation
cell wall synthesis inhibitor

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9
Q

Ethambutol

A

Inhibit cell wall glycan synthesis of mycobacteria (TB)

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10
Q

Lincomycin

A

part of Lincosamides Protein synthesis inhibitor
bind 50S Ribosome
gram +

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11
Q

Cephalexin

A

Cephalosporins
1st generation
cell wall synthesis inhibitor

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12
Q

tobramycin

A

Protein synthesis inhibitor
IRRerversibly binds to 30 S Rib.
synergistic w/ B-lactams

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13
Q

sulfisoxazole

A

Anti-folates -synthesis

PABA analogs inhibiting folate synthesis (competitive)

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14
Q

Chloramphenicol

A

Protein synthesis inhibitor
bind 50S Ribosome
broad spectrum

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15
Q

cefaclor

A

Cephalosporins
2nd generation
cell wall synthesis inhibitor

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16
Q

Cefuroxime

A

Cephalosporins
2nd generation
cell wall synthesis inhibitor

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17
Q

ceftazidime

A

Cephalosporins
3rd generation
cell wall synthesis inhibitor

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18
Q

cefepime

A

Cephalosporins
4th generation
cell wall synthesis inhibitor
Broad spectrum

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19
Q

Streptogramin

A

Protein synthesis inhibitor
synergistic inhibitor of 50S
gram + reserved fro MDR
Consists: Quinupristin + Dalfopristin

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20
Q

neomycin

A

Protein synthesis inhibitor
IRRerversibly binds to 30 S Rib.
synergistic w/ B-lactams

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21
Q

Aztreonam

A

monobactam

cell wall synthesis inhibitor like penicillin

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22
Q

amikacin

A

Protein synthesis inhibitor
IRRerversibly binds to 30 S Rib.
synergistic w/ B-lactams

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23
Q

Linezolid

A

protein synthesis inhibitor
blocks 50S from forming 70S
oral + MRSA + VRE

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24
Q

Rifampin

A

Inhibit RNA synthesis

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25
Q

tigecycline

A

Protein synthesis inhibitor

binds to 30 S Rib.

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26
Q

Meropenem

A

Carbapenems
cell wall synthesis inhibitor like penicillin
gram + anareobes + pseudo

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27
Q

Oxacillin

A

Anti-staph penicillin
Cell wall synthesis inhibitor
1. Inhibit transpeptidase reaction (cross - linking of cell wall by covalent binding to transpeptidases
2. act murein hydrolases (autolysins)

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28
Q

cefpodoxime

A

Cephalosporins
3rd generation
cell wall synthesis inhibitor

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29
Q

sulbactam

A

B- lactamase inhibitor

use w/ ampicillin

30
Q

Lincosamides

A

Clindamycin + Lincomycin
Protein synthesis inhibitor
bind 50S Ribosome
gram +

31
Q

Pyrazinamide

A

targets oxidative stress

32
Q

doxycycline

A

Protein synthesis inhibitor

binds to 30 S Rib.

33
Q

ceftriaxone

A

Cephalosporins
3rd generation
cell wall synthesis inhibitor

34
Q

Co-trimoxazole (TMP-SMX)

A

Anti-folates - synthesis

PABA analogs inhibiting folate synthesis (competitive)

35
Q

Tazobactam

A

B- lactamase inhibitor

use w/ piperacillin

36
Q

second line TB drugs

A

Para-aminosalicylate (PAS), Cycloserine, Ethionamide, Capreomycin

37
Q

Isoniazid (INH)

A

Block mycolic acid synthesis

can be given alone for prophyaxis

38
Q

Dapsone

A

inhibits Folic acid synthesis

39
Q

Penicillin G +V

A

Basic penicillin, (IV for G)
Cell wall synthesis inhibitor
1. Inhibit transpeptidase reaction (cross - linking of cell wall by covalent binding to transpeptidases
2. act murein hydrolases (autolysins)

40
Q

ticarcillin

A

Anti-pseudo Penicillins
Cell wall synthesis inhibitor
1. Inhibit transpeptidase reaction (cross - linking of cell wall by covalent binding to transpeptidases
2. act murein hydrolases (autolysins)

41
Q

cefotaximine

A

Cephalosporins
3rd generation
cell wall synthesis inhibitor

42
Q

Erythromycin

A

Protein synthesis inhibitor
Macrolides
bind 50S Ribosome

43
Q

Azithromycin

A

Protein synthesis inhibitor
Macrolides
bind 50S Ribosome

44
Q

Tetracyclines

A

Protein synthesis inhibitor
binds to 30 S Rib.
includes: tetraclycine, doxycycline, minocycline, tigecycline

45
Q

Vancomycin

A

cell wall synthesis inhibitor
inhibits transglycosylation
binds to D-ala-D-ala (gram +)

46
Q

sulfasalazine

A

Anti-folates -synthesis

PABA analogs inhibiting folate synthesis (competitive)

47
Q

sulfamethoxazole

A

Anti-folates -synthesis

PABA analogs inhibiting folate synthesis (competitive)

48
Q

Cefazolin

A

Cephalosporins
1st generation
cell wall synthesis inhibitor

49
Q

clindamycin

A

part of Lincosamides Protein synthesis inhibitor
bind 50S Ribosome
gram +

50
Q

Levofloxacin

A

inhibits DNA gyrase (topoisomerase)

51
Q

Floroquinolones

A

inhibits DNA gyrase (topoisomerase)

includes: ciprofloxacin, Levofloxacin, Ofloxacin

52
Q

Fosfomycin

A

Inhibits cytoplasmic step in cell wall precusor synthesis

53
Q

Clarithromycin

A

Protein synthesis inhibitor
Macrolides
bind 50S Ribosome

54
Q

Piperacillin

A

Anti-pseudo Penicillin Pen.( aminopenicillins)
Cell wall synthesis inhibitor
1. Inhibit transpeptidase reaction (cross - linking of cell wall by covalent binding to transpeptidases
2. act murein hydrolases (autolysins)

55
Q

Sulfonamides

A

Anti-folates -synthesis
PABA analogs inhibiting folate synthesis (competitive)
includes: sulfisoxazole
sulfamethoxazole, sulfasalazine , silver sulfadiazine, Co-trimoxazole

56
Q

sulfadiazine

A

Anti-folates -synthesis

PABA analogs inhibiting folate synthesis (competitive)

57
Q

ciprofloxacin

A

inhibits DNA gyrase (topoisomerase)

58
Q

minocycline

A

Protein synthesis inhibitor

binds to 30 S Rib.

59
Q

Cefotetan

A

Cephalosporins
2nd generation
cell wall synthesis inhibitor

60
Q

Ampicillin

A

Extended Spectrum Pen.( aminopenicillins)
Cell wall synthesis inhibitor
1. Inhibit transpeptidase reaction (cross - linking of cell wall by covalent binding to transpeptidases
2. act murein hydrolases (autolysins)

61
Q

Amoxicillin

A

Extended Spectrum Pen.( aminopenicillins)
Cell wall synthesis inhibitor
1. Inhibit transpeptidase reaction (cross - linking of cell wall by covalent binding to transpeptidases
2. act murein hydrolases (autolysins)

62
Q

Aminoglycosides

A

Protein synthesis inhibitor
IRRerversibly binds to 30 S Rib.
includes: gentamicin, streptomycin, tobramycin, neomycin and amikacin
synergistic w/ B-lactams

63
Q

Bacitracin

A

Cell wall synthesis inhibitor Interfere w/ transport of peptidoglycan subunits
Topical only

64
Q

Telithromycin

A

Protein synthesis inhibitor
Macrolides
bind 50S Ribosome

65
Q

Carbapenems

A

cell wall synthesis inhibitor like penicillin

gram + anareobes + pseudo

66
Q

Trimethoprim

A

anti-folates -use
inhibitor of dihydroFolate reductase (folate use)
oral

67
Q

Cefoxitin

A

Cephalosporins
2nd generation
cell wall synthesis inhibitor

68
Q

Ofloxacin

A

inhibits DNA gyrase (topoisomerase)

69
Q

Nafcillin

A

Anti-staph penicillin
Cell wall synthesis inhibitor
1. Inhibit transpeptidase reaction (cross - linking of cell wall by covalent binding to transpeptidases
2. act murein hydrolases (autolysins)

70
Q

Clavulanic Acid

A

B- lactamase inhibitor

use w/ amoxicillin + ticarcillin

Drugs (2 decks)

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