L.7 II Membrane Receptors Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 types of passive Transport

A
  1. Simple diffusion
  2. Facilitated diffusion
  3. Osmosis
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2
Q

Explain Simple diffusion

A

No transported Required

small non-polar, lipid-soluble

high to low concentrations

(h2o)

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3
Q

Explain Facilitated diffusion

A

Uses transporters to move impermeable solutes across the cell membrane

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4
Q

Explain Osmosis

A

The movement/diffusion of water from high to low concentration of (h2o)

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5
Q

Explain active transport and it’s two forms

A

Requires energy from ATP or an existing favorable gradient.

  1. Primary
  2. Secondary ( antiport and symport)
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6
Q

Differentiate Endocytosis

exocytosis, pinocytosis, and phagocytosis

A

Endocytosis engulfing material into cell

Exocytosis Releasing material out of cell

Pinocytosis: solutes and liquid into vessicles endo

Phago: bacteria ingestion, larger molecules, solid.

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7
Q

How is the membrane potential maintained?

A

By the sodium potassium ATPASE pump and K+ Leak channels

3 Na out and 2 Na in

More Na outside, total one + charge to outside in one round.

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8
Q

Nerst Equation

A

E = Electrical potential created by one ion

E = RT/zf ln (ion) outside / (ion) inside

61.5 log @ 310K

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9
Q

Osmotic Pressure Equation

A

II = iMRT

i = number of particles

M = Molarity of solution

R = Gas Constant

T = Absolute T in Kelvin

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10
Q

What are ion channels and the 3 main types

A

Ion channels help regulate the movement of ions in and out of the cell

UNGATED: Always open

VOLTAGE-GATED: open within a range of membrane potentials

LIGAND-GATED: Open in presence of a specific binding substance, like hormone or neurotransmitters

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11
Q

What is an Enzyme-linked Receptor?

A

An enzyme-linked receptor, also known as a catalytic receptor, is a transmembrane receptor, where the binding of an extracellular ligand causes enzymatic activity on the intracellular side. Hence a catalytic receptor is an integral membrane protein possessing both enzymatic catalytic and receptor functions.

Receptor tyrosine kinase, as in the fibroblast growth factor receptor. Most enzyme-linked receptors are of this type. Serine/threonine-specific protein kinase, as in bone morphogenetic protein.

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12
Q

What is a G Protein-coupled receptor?

A

DPCR have a membrane bound protein associated with a trimeric G protein. They initiate second messenger systems.

  • Ligand binding engages g protein
  • GDP is replaced with GTP ; the alpha subunits detaches from the other two
  • The activated alpha subunits alters the activity of adenylate cyclase or phospholipase C
  • GTP is dephosphorylayed, and alpha subunit rebinds
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