Organisation 2 (B2)

Question 1

what does an Artery do

Answer 1

carry blood AWAY from the heart

Question 2

what does a vein do

Answer 2

carry blood TO the heart

Question 3

what does a capillary do

Answer 3

connects veins and arteries

Question 4

describe an artery

Answer 4

thick muscular walls
small lumen
carry blood under high pressure
carry oxygenated blood

Question 5

describe a vein

Answer 5

thin walls
large lumen
carry blood under low pressure
carry deoxygenated blood

Question 6

describe a capillary

Answer 6

one cell thick to allow diffusion

carry blood under very low pressure

Question 7

is blood a tissue

Answer 7

yes

Question 8

what does blood contain

Answer 8

plasma in which blood cells, white blood cells and platelets are suspended

Question 9

how much of the blood does plasma make up

Answer 9

55%

Question 10

how much of the blood do red blood cells make up

Answer 10

45%

Question 11

how much of the blood do white blood cells make up

Answer 11

less than 1%

Question 12

how much of the blood do platelets make up

Answer 12

less than 1%

Question 13

what colour is plasma

Answer 13

pale yellow fluid

Question 14

what does plasma do

Answer 14

transports CO2 , hormones and waste

Question 15

what do red red blood cells carry

Answer 15

oxygen

Question 16

describe red blood cells

Answer 16

large surface area

no nucleus

Question 17

what are white blood cells part of

Answer 17

the immune system

Question 18

what function to white blood cells carry out

Answer 18

some produce antibodies others surround and engulf pathogens

Question 19

what do platelets do

Answer 19

clump together and form blood clots

Question 20

what does the trachea do

Answer 20

carries air to/from the lungs

Question 21

what do the bronchioles do

Answer 21

carries air to/from the alveoli

Question 22

what do the alveoli do

Answer 22

site of gas exchange in the lungs

Question 23

what do the capillaries do

Answer 23

allow gas exchange between into/out of the blood

Question 24

what do the trachea have to protect the airway

Answer 24

rings of cartilage

Question 25

what do bronchioles do to reach all the air sacs

Answer 25

split into multiple pathways

Question 26

how are alveoli adapted for gas exchange

Answer 26

maximises surface area for efficient gas exchange

Question 27

what happens in the capillaries

Answer 27

oxygen diffuses into the blood and carbon dioxide diffuses out

Question 28

different structures in the heart have

Answer 28

different functions

Question 29

right ventricle

Answer 29

pumps blood to the lungs where gas exchange takes place

Question 30

left ventricle

Answer 30

pumps blood around the rest of the body

Question 31

pacemaker (in the right atrium)

Answer 31

controls the natural resting heart rate

Question 32

what can be added to correct irregular heart rates

Answer 32

artificial electric pacemakers

Question 33

coronary arteries

Answer 33

carry oxygenates blood to cardiac muscle

Question 34

heart valves

Answer 34

prevent blood in the heart from flowing in the wrong direction

Question 35

what does the heart pump to the lungs

Answer 35

low oxygen/high carbon dioxide blood

Question 36

features of the heart

Answer 36

left ventricle
right ventricle
coronary arteries

Question 37

the heart is an organ that pumps blood around the body in a ________ ______ _____

Answer 37

double circulatory system