FINAL Flashcards
example of substances that the World Anti Doping Agency considers legal
creatine
which statement best represents the main theme of “schooled”
college athletes have no labor rights
what are the 3 general phases of gaining tribal membership
seperation
transition
incorporation
van raalte (2007) showed that
hazing is not associated with increases in team cohesion
some athlete think deviant hazing behavior is positive
team buidling increased social cohesion not task cohesion
all of the above
why did the US boycott the 1980 Olympics in Moscow
president Carter was protesting Soviet invasion of Afghanistan
what does the social pathology model say
athletes are responsible
assumes flawed charcter traits
fits with american ethod of meritocracy
what does the social structure model say
larger social structure is responsible
institutional accountability
assumes athletes are vulnerable participants in a flawed system
behavior not excused but given context
what does the current structure of thre NCAA reproduce
social and economic inequalities
powerless stay powerless
preserves racial/ethnic stereotypes
trend in college systems/social consequencs
financial aid is given rather to students with physical than with mental skills
academics are deemphasized for athletes
myths related to college sports
AA´s best chance for upward mobility is sport not education
athletes are naturally prone to criminal behavior
AAs are physically superior but academically inferior
how how can student athletes cause changes
they are the driving workforce (especially fb teams have power)
student athletes´ bill of rights according to Sage and Eitzen
right to transfer and play immediately
same rights as other students(speech, privacy, protection from abuse…)
right to make money from endorsements and appearance
be eligible for compensation
have financial agents
why is critical thinking abou youth sports important
most children participate in it
major socialization influence
helps us understant pyschol. charcterisitcs of children
what do children learn through sports
attitudes
values
expectations of society
relationship between socioeconomic status and youth sport participation
kids from low income families -> contact sports, sports with little equipment
kids from upper class -> “aristocratic sports”, more organization, coaching
forms of youth sports play
peer group organized
adult organized
what does youth sport help with
moral development
moral reasoning
both positive and negative effects
specialization
focusing on one sport year-around and often on only one positon
negative effect of youth sports
premature specialization
overuse injuries
pressure to win and only win
how has coaching changed with the rise of youth sports
promoting self-improvement and fun rather than winning
sandwich method
hazing
humilating or dangerous activity expected from individual to join a group
regardless of willingness to participate
social cohesion
how members of a group bond and are unified in values and beliefs
task cohesion
how members of a group work together to achieve common goal
group identity
in group vs out group
membership comes with certain benefits
requires certain costs
team building
required skill development
coerced to engage in deviant behavior
socialization or positive behavior
hazing and team building relation to social and task cohesion
hazing -> increase in team cohesion, decrease in task cohesion
team building -> INCREASE IN SOCIAL COHESION BUT NOT IN TASK COHESION (SLIDE 11 HZING)
how does hazing provide identity
speaking out
ostracized
loss of primary identity
what are problems with hazing policies
difficult to enforce
policies offer no alternatives
no athletes in policy development present
what is necessary for change to occur in the hazing dilemma
administrative support
education and involvement of stakeholders
provision of adequate alternatives
theories related to violence in and out of the arena
instinct aggression theory
frustration aggression theory
aggression socially learned theory
what causes violence
heated rivalries and violence
fanaticism - why do fans get involved
Interactiion ritual theory pride in group membership emotional energy group symbols collective effervescence
factors that make a bad situation worse
alc overuse on-field rivalries delays/game interruptions repeated fouls hot weather referee mistakes lack of space
doping
using banned performance enhacing drugs to gain competetive edge