FINAL Flashcards

1
Q

example of substances that the World Anti Doping Agency considers legal

A

creatine

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2
Q

which statement best represents the main theme of “schooled”

A

college athletes have no labor rights

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3
Q

what are the 3 general phases of gaining tribal membership

A

seperation
transition
incorporation

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4
Q

van raalte (2007) showed that

A

hazing is not associated with increases in team cohesion
some athlete think deviant hazing behavior is positive
team buidling increased social cohesion not task cohesion
all of the above

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5
Q

why did the US boycott the 1980 Olympics in Moscow

A

president Carter was protesting Soviet invasion of Afghanistan

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6
Q

what does the social pathology model say

A

athletes are responsible
assumes flawed charcter traits
fits with american ethod of meritocracy

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7
Q

what does the social structure model say

A

larger social structure is responsible
institutional accountability
assumes athletes are vulnerable participants in a flawed system
behavior not excused but given context

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8
Q

what does the current structure of thre NCAA reproduce

A

social and economic inequalities
powerless stay powerless
preserves racial/ethnic stereotypes

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9
Q

trend in college systems/social consequencs

A

financial aid is given rather to students with physical than with mental skills
academics are deemphasized for athletes

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10
Q

myths related to college sports

A

AA´s best chance for upward mobility is sport not education
athletes are naturally prone to criminal behavior
AAs are physically superior but academically inferior

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11
Q

how how can student athletes cause changes

A

they are the driving workforce (especially fb teams have power)

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12
Q

student athletes´ bill of rights according to Sage and Eitzen

A

right to transfer and play immediately
same rights as other students(speech, privacy, protection from abuse…)
right to make money from endorsements and appearance
be eligible for compensation
have financial agents

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13
Q

why is critical thinking abou youth sports important

A

most children participate in it
major socialization influence
helps us understant pyschol. charcterisitcs of children

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14
Q

what do children learn through sports

A

attitudes
values
expectations of society

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15
Q

relationship between socioeconomic status and youth sport participation

A

kids from low income families -> contact sports, sports with little equipment
kids from upper class -> “aristocratic sports”, more organization, coaching

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16
Q

forms of youth sports play

A

peer group organized

adult organized

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17
Q

what does youth sport help with

A

moral development
moral reasoning
both positive and negative effects

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18
Q

specialization

A

focusing on one sport year-around and often on only one positon

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19
Q

negative effect of youth sports

A

premature specialization
overuse injuries
pressure to win and only win

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20
Q

how has coaching changed with the rise of youth sports

A

promoting self-improvement and fun rather than winning

sandwich method

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21
Q

hazing

A

humilating or dangerous activity expected from individual to join a group
regardless of willingness to participate

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22
Q

social cohesion

A

how members of a group bond and are unified in values and beliefs

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23
Q

task cohesion

A

how members of a group work together to achieve common goal

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24
Q

group identity

A

in group vs out group
membership comes with certain benefits
requires certain costs

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25
Q

team building

A

required skill development
coerced to engage in deviant behavior
socialization or positive behavior

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26
Q

hazing and team building relation to social and task cohesion

A

hazing -> increase in team cohesion, decrease in task cohesion
team building -> INCREASE IN SOCIAL COHESION BUT NOT IN TASK COHESION (SLIDE 11 HZING)

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27
Q

how does hazing provide identity

A

speaking out
ostracized
loss of primary identity

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28
Q

what are problems with hazing policies

A

difficult to enforce
policies offer no alternatives
no athletes in policy development present

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29
Q

what is necessary for change to occur in the hazing dilemma

A

administrative support
education and involvement of stakeholders
provision of adequate alternatives

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30
Q

theories related to violence in and out of the arena

A

instinct aggression theory
frustration aggression theory
aggression socially learned theory

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31
Q

what causes violence

A

heated rivalries and violence

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32
Q

fanaticism - why do fans get involved

A
Interactiion ritual theory
pride in group membership
emotional energy
group symbols
collective effervescence
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33
Q

factors that make a bad situation worse

A
alc overuse
on-field rivalries
delays/game interruptions
repeated fouls
hot weather
referee mistakes
lack of space
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34
Q

doping

A

using banned performance enhacing drugs to gain competetive edge

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35
Q

modern anti doping agencies

A

WADA
USADA
sport governing bodies

36
Q

gene doping

A

gene doping to increase muscle production

37
Q

risks associated with doping

A

health
reputation
earning potential
relationships

38
Q

larger context of doping

A

systematic sociological issue -> U.S. one of most drugged nations

39
Q

WADA´s criteria for prohibition

A

has potential to enhace sport performance
represents actual or potential health risk
violates spirit of sport
substance will be considered if it meets 2 of 3 criteria

40
Q

what causes doping

A

pressure to win
“Cold War” of drugs -> my competitors sre doping
$ and fame
seen as another tech.

41
Q

myths about doping

A

illegal substances are extremly dangerous
drug testing eliminates cheating
doping is unfair financially
doping disrupts “purity of sport”

42
Q

who founded the modern olympic games

A

coubertin in 1894

first summer games in 1896

43
Q

what does politics include

A

government
politicians/military leaders
public policies

44
Q

how is sport used as a propaganda tool

A
moral/physical superiority
nationalism
promotion of political/economic ideology
justifying human rights violations
image enhancement
showing military power
45
Q

what problems are addressed with sports to promote social change

A
gender inequality
racial segregation
labor rights
colonization
corruption
economic oppression
46
Q

political and economic problems of modern Olympic Games

A
bribery and corruption
human rights violations
acts of terrorism
cost overruns
displacement of people
47
Q

fitnes paradox

A

expansion in fitness, exercise, leisure as well as obesity and lifetime disease

48
Q

what is obesity framed as in the U.S.

A

time management
lack of diciple
laziness
weakness

49
Q

problems with view that obesity is caused by laziness…

A

assumes that individuals makes rational choices
exercise seen consumable - to purchase
commercilization of exercise
exercise seen as punish to get reward

50
Q

what does it mean to say that american society is obesogenic

A

causes obesity

51
Q

how to transform a society from obesogenic to fitnessgenic

A

create work life environment that encourages physical activity

52
Q

what is crossfit

A

competitive group fitness

53
Q

crossfit population

A

well educated white collar workforce
wealthy
non-active workforce -> reclaim body

54
Q

the warrior friendship and chemistry OFF the court is an example of

A

high social cohesion

55
Q

“a coach is someone who can give correction without creating resentment” who said that?

A

former UCLA basketball coach John Wooden

56
Q

the instinct agression theory argues that violence is sport is a result of

A

innate aggressive behavior that require periodic release

57
Q

Sens. McCain and Flake published a report about DOD spending on sports. What did it say

A

DOD paid millions for patriotic displays at pro games

58
Q

today most severe youth sport injuries are caused by

A

overuse due to early specialization

59
Q

who is ben johnson

A

canadian sprinter who doped in 1988

60
Q

US sprinter who won gold in 1988

A

carl lewis

61
Q

What are the odds of playing pro football out of high school?

A

8 out of 10,000

62
Q

How does income affect the participation of sports in youths?

A

type of equipment
coaching methods
sport choice

63
Q

What is Fair Pay to Play act?

A

college athletes are allowed to sell their names, images, and likenesses.

64
Q

In 2015, why did the Mizzou football team go on a strike?

A

President Tim Wolfe mishandled racial issues on campus

he resigned a day after

65
Q

who founded the olympic games

A

baro pierre de coubertin

66
Q

Who left during the Indiana Colts vs San Francisco 49ers game because of Kneeling during the anthem?

A

Mike Pence

67
Q

why did colin kaepernick knee during national anthem and not sit

A

more militaristic approach suggested by nate boyer

68
Q

“Schooled” depicts what kind of relationship between student athletes and the NCAA?

A

Strict, only allowing players their scholarships

69
Q

Which type of attitude best represents the attitude of the coaches in “Friday Night Tykes”?

A

“Win at all costs!”

70
Q

Who was considered the “ultimate American” for his decision to quit football to join the military?

A

Pat Tillman

71
Q

What are metaphors of war that are commonly used in sport?

A

throw a bomb+battle in the trenches

heroes and villains

72
Q

How is Obesity framed?

A

failure in time management
failure in laziness
failure in weakness

73
Q

What is Ethnographic data?

A

observing and participating in CrossFit
semi-structure interviews
informal conversation

74
Q

What was the infamous “Malice in the Palace”

A

Conflict between fans and players at an NBA game

75
Q

What is the definition of a hazing?

A

humiliating or dangerous activity expected of an individual to join a group

76
Q

what do smith and smoll say regarding positive coaching

A

children like coaches
improved self-esteem
reduced droput rates
better performances

77
Q

who was pat summit

A

college women´s basketball coach
most win ever
one of toughest coahces in baseball history

78
Q

what is hazing usually used for

A

seperation

79
Q

why does hazing develop among social groups

A

everyone wants to be part of a group and be accepted

80
Q

bryan stow

A

suffered severe brain damage after an assault at dodgers stadium

81
Q

history of doping

A

greeks used special pojons
19th century popularity increased
1920s restricitions needed

82
Q

how many athletes actually dope

A

estimated 14 - 39%

positive tested < 2%

83
Q

kevin garnett

A

former nba player

84
Q

kellen winslow jr

A

former nfl player and cinvicted sex offender

85
Q

examples of militarism in sport post 9/11

A

first pitch
start of battle vs taliban announced at game
U2 halftime show to honor vitims