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MD3001 - Respiratory Clinical > Respiratory History Taking > Flashcards

Respiratory History Taking Flashcards

1
Q

What is the structure of a standard medical history taking?

A
  1. Presenting Complaint
  2. History of Presenting Compliant
  3. Past Medical History
  4. Medication/allergies (drug history)
  5. Social History
  6. Family History
  7. Systems Review
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2
Q

What are the 7 areas asked about when the HPC is linked to the respiratory system?

A
  1. Chest Pain
  2. Dyspnoea
  3. Cough
  4. Sputum
  5. Haemoptysis
  6. Wheeze
  7. Systemic Upset
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3
Q

What type of chest pain is more specific to the respiratory system?

A

pleuritic pain

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4
Q

What are the main causes of central chest pain?

A
  • Tracheitis
  • Angina/MI
  • Aortic Dissection
  • massive PE
  • Oesophagitis
  • Lung tumour/ metastases
  • Mediastinal tumour/mediastinitis
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5
Q

What are the main causes of non-central chest pain?

A
  • shingles
  • lung tumour
  • PE
  • rib fracture
  • pneumonia
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6
Q

What are the main causes of pleural chest pain?

A
  • pneumonia
  • brocnhiectasis
  • TB
  • Lung tumour/metastases/mesothelioma
  • PE
  • Pneumothorax
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7
Q

What are the characteristics of pleuritic pain?

A

sharp on coughing and inspiration

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8
Q

What are the main causes of pain in the chest wall?

A
  • Muscular/rib injury
  • Costchondritis
  • Lung tumour/ bony metastases/ mesothelioma
  • Shingles
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9
Q

What is dyspnoea?

A

Shortness of breath

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10
Q

What conditions cause an onset of dyspnoea in a matter of minutes

A
  • PE
  • pneumothorax
  • acute LVF
  • acute asthma
  • inhaled foreign body
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11
Q

What conditions cause an onset of dyspnoea in a few hours to days?

A
  • pneumonia
  • asth,a
  • exacerbation of COPD
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12
Q

What conditions cause an onset of dyspnoea in a few weeks to months?

A
  • anaemia
  • pleural effusion
  • respiratory neuromusuclar disorders
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13
Q

What conditions cause an onset of dyspnoea in a few months to years

A
  • COPD
  • pulmonary fibrosis
  • pulmonary TB
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14
Q

What are the main respiratory causes of SOB?

A
  • Airways - asthma, CF, tumour, foreign body
  • PArenchyma - pneumonia, pulmonary fibrosis, sarcoidosis, TB
  • Pulmonary circulation - PE
  • Pleural - oneumothorax, pleural effusion
  • chest wall - kyphoscolosis, ankylosing spondylitis
  • neuromuscular - mysthenia gravis, Guillian-Barre syndrome
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15
Q

Cardiovascular causes of SOB

A

cardiac failure (LVF) associated with angina or MI

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16
Q

non cardio-respiratory causes of SOB

A

anaemia, obesity, hyperventilation, anxiety, matabolic acidosis

17
Q

What are the potential causes of an acute cough?

A
  • viral or bacterial infection
  • pneumonia
  • inhalation of foreign bodies
  • irritants
18
Q

What are the main causes of chronic cough?

A
  • Common
    • gastro-oesphgeal reflux
    • asthma
    • COPD
    • Smoking
    • post-nasal drip
    • occupational or irritants
    • medication (ACE I)
  • Less common
    • lung tumour
    • bronchiectasis
    • interstitial lung disease
19
Q

What are the red flags associated with a cough

A
  • haemoptysis
  • breathlessness
  • weight loss
  • chest pain
  • smoker
20
Q

Common cause of a productive cough

A

Infection

Bronchiectasis

21
Q

Common cause(s) of a persistent ‘moist’ cough worst in the morning

A

COPD

22
Q

Common cause(s) of an associated wheeze

A

ASthma

COPD

23
Q

Common cause(s) of a painful cough

A

tracheitis

24
Q

Common cause(s) of a harsh/barking cough

A

laryngitis

laryngeal tumour

25
Q

Common cause(s) of a chronic, dry cough

A

intersitial lung disease

26
Q

Common cause(s) of a persistent cough with haemoptysis?

A

bronchial carcinoma

27
Q

Common cause(s) of a bovine (non-explosive) cough

A

left recurrent laryngeal nerve invasion

neuromuscular disorders

28
Q

What colour is serous sputum and what does it indicate?

A

Clear watery or frothy pink

Acute pulmonary oedema

29
Q

Describe a mucoid sputum and what it is a result of

A

clear, grey/ white, viscid

COPD/Asthma

30
Q

What colour is a ourulent sputum and what is it a result of?

A

yellow, green, brown

infection

31
Q

What causes a rusty red sputum?

A

pneumococcal pneumonia

32
Q

Malignant cause of haemopysis

A

broncjial carcinoma

metastaic lung disease

33
Q

Infective cause of haemopysis

A

Acute infection

brinchiectasis

TB

34
Q

Vascular cause of haemopysis

A

pulmonary infarction or pulmonary embolus

35
Q

cardiac cause of haemopysis

A

mitral valve disease

Acute LVF

36
Q

Vasculitis cause of haemopysis

A

Wegener’s syndrome

Hood pasture’s syndrome

37
Q

What does sytemic upset refer to?

A

change in appetite

weight loss

fever

tiredness

MD3001 - Respiratory Clinical (7 decks)

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