Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Physio > Neurophysio > Flashcards

Neurophysio Flashcards

1
Q

Where are the relay centers located? What are there function?

A

CNS

Sorts and evaluates (integrates via synapses) afferent sensory input into efferent output

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Nervous system is a communication system that connects ___ with ___.

A

Receptors, effectors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

For integration at a synapse, at the postganglionic cell, is it more effective to have an action potential or a local graded change in membrane potential?

A

Local graded potential

Neurons can integrate sensory information with ESPSs and IPSPs instead of all-or-none APs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

All neural tissue outside the CNS is ___.

A

Peripheral nervous system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Peripheral Nervous System consists of:

A
  • Sensory (afferent)
  • Motor (efferent)
  • Somatic
  • Autonomic
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Somatic nervous system

A

Made of motor nerves to voluntary effectors and sensory nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Autonomic nervous system

A

Made of motor nerves to involuntary effectors and sensory nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

ANS aka ___.

A

Visceral nervous system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Parasympathetic nervous system is responsible for ___.

A

Anabolic functions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Sympathetic nervous system is responsible for ___.

A

Catabolic functions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

PSNS aka ___.

A

Craniosacral

Nerves comes from cranium (midbrain + medulla) and sacral spinal cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

SNS aka ___.

A

Thoracolumnar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the highest level of neuroaxis?

A

Cerebrum / cortex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

The SNS only converges into ganglia of the sympathetic chain. T/F

A

False

The SNS can converge or diverge, as it can synapse at the sympathetic trunk or the prevertebral ganglia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the most common type of neuron?

A

Multipolar (e.g. motor neurons)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Identify the type of neurons by function:

  • Sensory
  • Connection
  • Motor
A

Sensory = bipolar
Connection = unipolar
Motor - multipolar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Cell bodies in the CNS are___ and in the PNS are ___.

A

Nuclei, ganglia

18
Q

Nerves can contain both afferent and efferent fibers. T/F

A

True

19
Q

Both glial cells and neurons are excitable. T/F

A

False

Glial cells have membrane potentials, but are not excitable since they don’t have voltage-gated ion channels

20
Q

Which are more numerous: glial cells or neurons?

A

Glial cells

21
Q

Which can divide mitotically: glial cells or neurons?

A

Glial cells

22
Q

What glial cells are only found in the PNS?

A

Schwann cells, satellite cells

23
Q

In the ___, the preganglionic fibers synapse close to the effector organ.

A

PSNS

The postganglionic fibers are short.

24
Q

In the ___, the postganglionic fibers can be short, medium or long.

A

SNS

25
Q

The adrenal medulla is considered the ___.

A

Postganglionic sympathetic

26
Q

Do glial cells have membrane potentials?

A

Yes, but they lack voltage-gated ion channels, making them non-excitable

27
Q

What is a local or electrotonic current?

A

Local / electrotonic currents are non-propagated, graded potentials (changes in membrane potential) that do not result in an action potential
Ex: EPSPs, IPSPs

28
Q

Do local currents have a role in conduction

of action potentials along neurons?

A

Yes, local currents (graded potentials) are what causes a neuron to reach threshold and an action potential to occur

29
Q

___ axons are myelinated per Schwann cell.

A

One

30
Q

___ axons are myelinated per oligodendrocyte.

A

Many

31
Q

What glial cells are found in the CNS?

A

Astrocytes, oligodendrocytes

32
Q

What glial cells are found in the CNS?

A

Astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, microglia, ependymal cells

33
Q

Satellite cell function

A
  • Structural support in ganglia
  • Maintain homeostasis / ganglia environment
  • Gap junctions w/ neurons
34
Q

Astrocyte function

A
  • Nutritive
  • Regulate extracellular environment
  • Buffer K+
  • Maintain tight junctions at capillaries
  • Extend processes to blood vessels and CNS cells
  • Repair damaged CNS tissue
  • Control NT transmission (can limit diffusion of NT or uptake NT to stop synaptic activity)
35
Q

Astrocyte function

A
  • Nutritive
  • Regulate extracellular environment
  • Buffer K+
  • Maintain tight junctions at capillaries
  • Extend processes to blood vessels and CNS cells
  • Repair damaged CNS tissue
  • Control NT transmission (can limit diffusion of NT, make NT, or uptake NT to stop synaptic activity)
36
Q

What is the most numerous neuroglial cell?

A

Astrocyte

37
Q

Astrocytes are excitable. T/F

A

False, glial cells are not excitable (lack voltage-gated ion channels)

38
Q

What are the phagocytic cells of the CNS?

A

Microglia

39
Q

Which cells produce CSF?

A

Ependymal cells line the ventricles, spinal cord, and choroid plexus and are associated with capillaries

40
Q

Gap junctions enable ___ transmission of charges. This ___

A

Two-way

Physio (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions