Simcock and Hayn (2002)

Question 1

Research Question

Answer 1

can nonverbal memories be retrieved verbally

Question 2

method

Answer 2

• visit children and taught to use the magic shrinking machine
• child taught 5 target actions
• Determine whether they have words to describe it at the time of encoding.
• visit child again 6 to 12 months later
• assess verbal recall: open ended questions, directed questions
• assess nonverbal recall: photograph recognition test, behavioral reenactment

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Question 3

results

Answer 3

-Nonverbal retrieval is not dependent on vocabulary at encoding.

-Verbal retrieval IS dependent on vocabulary at encoding.
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-Retrieval has to be specific to the type of encoding it was in
Preverbal memories cannot be retrieved verbally!