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Equine Anatomy > Intrinsic Muscles Of Axial Skeleton > Flashcards

Intrinsic Muscles Of Axial Skeleton Flashcards

1
Q

Origin of INTERCOSTALES

A

INTERNAL and EXTERNAL INTERCOSTALES - cranial borders of the ribs

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2
Q

Insertion of INTERCOSTALES

A

INTERNAL INTERCOSTALES - caudal borders of preceding ribs and cartilage

EXTERNAL INTERCOSTALES - cranial borders and lateral surfaces of succeeding ribs

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3
Q

Innervation of INTERCOSTALES

A

Intercostal nerves

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4
Q

Action of INTERCOSTALES

A

Support rib cage and aid respiration

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5
Q

Origin of LEVATOR COSTARUM

A

Transverse processes of thoracic vertebrae

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6
Q

Insertion of LEVATOR COSTARUM

A

Lateral surface of proximal ends of ribs 2-17

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7
Q

Innervation of LEVATOR COSTARUM

A

Intercostal nerve

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8
Q

Action of LEVATOR COSTARUM

A

Pull ribs cranially, aiding with respiration

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9
Q

Origin of RECTUS CAPITIS VENTRALIS

A

Ventral arch of Atlas

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10
Q

Insertion of RECTUS CAPITIS VENTRALIS

A

Two basilar tubercles on base of skull at junction of basioccipital bone and sphenoid body

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11
Q

Innervation of RECTUS CAPITIS VENTRALIS

A

Ventral branch of C1 nerve

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12
Q

Action of RECTUS CAPITIS VENTRALIS

A

Flexes atlanto-occipital joint, or (when used unilaterally) inclines head towards contracted side

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13
Q

Origin of RECTUS CAPITIS LATERALIS

A

Ventral arch of Atlas

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14
Q

Insertion of RECTUS CAPITIS LATERALIS

A

Paracondylar process of occipital bone

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15
Q

Innervation of RECTUS CAPITIS LATERALIS

A

Ventral branch of C1 nerve

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16
Q

Action of RECTUS CAPITIS LATERALIS

A

Flexes Atlanto-occipital joint, and (when contracted unilaterally) inclines head to side of contraction

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17
Q

Origin of RECTUS CAPITIS DORSALIS MINOR

A

Dorsal tubercle of atlas

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18
Q

Insertion of RECTUS CAPITIS DORSALIS MINOR

A

occipital bone

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19
Q

Innervation of RECTUS CAPITIS DORSALIS MINOR

A

Dorsal branch of C1 nerve

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20
Q

Action of RECTUS CAPITIS DORSALIS MINOR

A

Assists RECTUS CAPITIS DORSALIS MAJOR to extend the head

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21
Q

Origin of RECTUS CAPITIS DORSALIS MAJOR

A

Dorsal edge of spinous process of Axis

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22
Q

Insertion of RECTUS CAPITIS DORSALIS MAJOR

A

Nuchal crest

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23
Q

Innervation of RECTUS CAPITIS DORSALIS MAJOR

A

Dorsal branch of C1 nerve

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24
Q

Action of RECTUS CAPITIS DORSALIS MAJOR

A

Extends the head

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25
Q

Origin Of MULTIFIDUS CERVICIS

A

Articulate processes of the last 4-5 Cervical vertebrae and T1

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26
Q

Insertion of MULTIFIDUS CERVICIS

A

Spinous process and articulate process of the more cranial vertebrae

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27
Q

Innervation of MULTIFIDUS CERVICIS

A

Dorsal branches of C2-C7

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28
Q

Action of MULTIFIDUS CERVICIS

A

Spinal stabiliser. Extend the neck. Unilateral contraction twists neck towards side of contraction

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29
Q

Origin of MULTIFIDUS THORACIS ET LUMBORUM

A

Articular processes of the thoracic, lumbar and sacral vertebrae

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30
Q

Insertion of MULTIFIDUS THORACIS ET LUMBORUM

A

Normally insert on summits of spinous processes or preceding vertebrae. First 8 T vertebrae: inserts on side of spinous processes

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31
Q

Inner action of MULTIFIDUS THORACIS ET LUMBORUM

A

Dorsal branches of thoracic and lumbar nerves

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32
Q

Action of MULTIFIDUS THORACIS ET LUMBORUM

A

Spinal stabiliser. Aid in extension and lateral flexion of spinal column

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33
Q

Origin of OBLIQUUS CAPITIS CRANIALIS

A

Entire cranial edge and adjacent ventral surface of the wing of atlas

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34
Q

Insertion of OBLIQUUS CAPITIS CRANIALIS

A

Nuchal crest of occipital bone

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35
Q

Innervation of OBLIQUUS CAPITIS CRANIALIS

A

Dorsal branch of C1 nerve

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36
Q

Action of OBLIQUUS CAPITIS CRANIALIS

A

Extend atlanto-occipital joint

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37
Q

Origin of OBLIQUUS CAPITIS CAUDALIS

A

Lateral surface of spinous processes and Articular processes of axis

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38
Q

Insertion of OBLIQUUS CAPITIS CAUDALIS

A

Dorsal surface of wing of atlas

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39
Q

Innervation of OBLIQUUS CAPITIS CAUDALIS

A

Dorsal branch of C2 nerve

40
Q

Action of OBLIQUUS CAPITIS CAUDALIS

A

Rotates atlas and head to the side of contraction. Assists in extending atlantoaxial joint (C1-C2)

41
Q

Origin of LONGUS CAPITIS

A

Transverse processes of C3-C5

42
Q

Insertion of LONGUS CAPITIS

A

Two basilar tubercles at junction of basioccipital and sphenoid body

43
Q

Innervation of LONGUS CAPITIS

A

Ventral branches of cervical nerves

44
Q

Action of LONGUS CAPITIS

A

Neck is flexed at nuchal curve. Unilateral contraction bends neck laterally towards side of contraction

45
Q

Origin of SPINALIS CERVICIS ET THORACIS

A

T part - spinous processes of lumbar and last 6 T-vertebrae.
C part - spinous processes of T8-T5

46
Q

Insertion of SPINALIS CERVICIS ET THORACIS

A

T part - spinous processes of first 6-7 T-vertebrae and last 4-5 C-vertebrae.
C part - spinous processes of C7-C4

47
Q

Innervation of SPINALIS CERVISIC ET THORACIS

A

Dorsal branches of cervical, thoracic and lumbar nerves

48
Q

Action of SPINALIS CERVICIS ET THORACIS

A

Both parts extend T-spine
C-part assists in cervical extension
T-part extends lumbar spine

49
Q

Origin of QUADRATUS LUMBORUM

A

T17-T18, lies ventral to vertebra column

50
Q

Insertion of QUADRATUS LUMBORUM

A

Ventral sacral wings and ventral sacral ligaments

51
Q

Innervation of QUADRATUS LUMBORUM

A

Intercostal and ventral branches of lumbar nerves

52
Q

Action of QUADRATUS LUMBORUM

A

Unilateral contraction bends lumbar sound laterally. Stabilises lumbar spine and fixes last 2 ribs

53
Q

Origin of SEMISPINALIS CAPITIS

A

Spinous processes T3-T5 via dorsoscapular ligament. Transverse processes of T1-T17. Articular processes of the C2-C7

54
Q

Insertion of SEMISPINALIS CAPITIS

A

Ventral to nuchal crest on occipital bone

55
Q

Innervation of SEMISPINALIS CAPITIS

A

Dorsal branches of C2-C7 nerves

56
Q

Action of SEMISPINALIS CAPITIS

A

Extension of neck. Unilateral contraction inclines head to side of contraction

57
Q

Origin of LONGISSIMUS CAPITIS ET ATLANTIS

A

Transverse processes of T1 and T2 and Articular processes of C2-C7

58
Q

Insertion of LONGISSIMUS CAPITIS ET ATLANTIS

A

CAPITIS part - mastoid process of temporal bone

ATLANTIS part - wing of atlas

59
Q

Innervation of LONGISSIMUS CAPITIS ET ATLANTIS

A

Dorsal branches of C2-C7

60
Q

Action of LONGISSIMUS CAPITIS ET ATLANTIS

A

Extend head and neck. Unilateral contraction flexes the head and neck laterally or rotates atlas

61
Q

Origin of ILIOCOSTALIS CERVICIS

A

First rib

62
Q

Insertion of ILIOCOSTALIS CERVICIS

A

Caudal part of transverse process of C6/7

63
Q

Innervation of ILIOCOSTALIS CERVICIS

A

Dorsal branches of cervical nerves

64
Q

Action of ILIOCOSTALIS CERVICIS

A

Assist in neck extension.

65
Q

Origin of ILIOCOSTALIS THORACIS ET LUMBORM

A

Deep layer of thoracolumbar fascia as far caudally as the 4th lumbar transverse process
T-part also originates from cranial borders and lateral surfaces of last 15 ribs

66
Q

Insertion of ILIOCOSTALIS THORACIS ET LUMBORUM

A

Caudal borders of ribs and transverse processes of C7

67
Q

Innervation of ILIOCOSTALIS THORACIS ET LUMBORUM

A

Dorsal thoracic nerves

68
Q

Action of ILIOCOSTALIS THORACIS ET LUMBORUM

A

Assists in expiration, and when contracted unilaterally, assists in lateral movement of spine

69
Q

Origin of LONGISSIMUS CERVICIS

A

T2-T6 tubercles of ribs

70
Q

Insertion of LONGISSIMUS CERVICIS

A

Cranial transverse processes of C4-C7 and tubercle of first rib

71
Q

Innervation of LONGISSIMUS CERVICIS

A

Dorsal branches of cervical nerves

72
Q

Action of LONGISSIMUS CERVICIS

A

Extend neck and stabilise vertebral column. Turns neck laterally when contracted unilaterally

73
Q

Origin of LONGISSIMUS THORACIS ET LUMBORUM

A

Ilium and 1st-3rd spinous processes of sacrum, thoracic and lumbar spinous processes and supraspinous ligament

74
Q

Insertion of LONGISSIMUS THORACIS ET LUMBORUM

A

Thoracic and lumbar transverse processes

75
Q

Action of LONGISSIMUS THORACIS ET LUMBORUM

A

Extend (hollow) the back. Bends spine laterally when unilaterally contracted

76
Q

Origin of SPLENIUS CAPITIS

A

Spinous processes of T3-T5 via thoracolumbar fascia and adjacent funicular part of the nuchal ligament

77
Q

Insertion of SPLENIUS CAPITIS

A

Nuchal crest, mastoid process of temporal bone and atlas

78
Q

Innervation of SPLENIUS CAPITIS

A

Dorsal branches of last 6 cervical nerves

79
Q

Function of SPLENIUS CAPITIS

A

Elevate head and neck. Unilateral contraction bends head and neck towards contracted side

80
Q

Origin of SPLENIUS CERVICIS

A

Spinous processes of T3-T5 via thoracolumbar fascia and nuchal ligament

81
Q

Insertion of SPLENIUS CERVICIS

A

Transverse processes of C3-C5

82
Q

Innervation of SPLENIUS CERVICIS

A

Dorsal branches of last 6 cervical nerves

83
Q

Action of SPLENIUS CERVICIS

A

Elevate neck, unilateral contraction bends neck laterally

84
Q

Origin of RETRACTOR COSTAE

A

Transverse processes of L1-L3 via thoracolumbar fascia

85
Q

Insertion of RETRACTOR COSTAE

A

Caudal border of last rib

86
Q

Innervation of RETRACTOR COSTAE

A

Lumbar nerves

87
Q

Action of RETRACTOR COSTAE

A

Retracts last rib

88
Q

Origin of SERRATUS DORSALIS CRANIALIS

A

Thoracolumbar fascia and dorsoscapular ligament

89
Q

Insertion of SERRATUS DORSALIS CRANIALIS

A

Lateral rib surfaces of T5/6 continuing to ribs of T11/12

90
Q

Innervation of SERRATUS DORSALIS CRANIALIS

A

Thoracic nerves

91
Q

Action of SERRATUS DORSALIS CRANIALIS

A

Draw ribs cranially and laterally, aiding in inspiration

92
Q

Origin of SERRATUS DORSALIS CAUDALIS

A

Thoracolumbar fascia

93
Q

Insertion of SERRATUS DORSALIS CAUDALIS

A

Lateral surfaces of last 7/8 ribs

94
Q

Innervation of SERRATUS DORSALIS CAUDALIS

A

Thoracic nerve

95
Q

Function of SERRATUS DORSALIS CAUDALIS

A

Draw ribs caudally and assist in expiration

Equine Anatomy (6 decks)

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