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Theory and Methods 110 > Convergence > Flashcards

Convergence Flashcards

1
Q

LR6SO4 all other EOMs 3

A

What CNs innervates the EOMs?

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2
Q

Convergence

A

The function, whereby the eyes turn in to maintain single vision

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3
Q

Fusion meter angles

A

Total amount of turning in of two eyes to fixate at a distance (dioptric stimulus)

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4
Q

Inter pupillary distance

A

Distance between the two eyes

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5
Q

Amplitude of convergence

A

What is the prism diopter stimulus to converge?

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6
Q

Reciprocal of distance x PD in cm

A

How do you calculate the stimulus to converge?

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7
Q

Duction

A

What is a monocular eye movement called?

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8
Q

Version

A

What is the parallel movement of both eyes called?

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9
Q

Vergence

A

What is the non parallel movement of both eyes called?

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10
Q

Adduction

A

Movement of the line of sight of one eye toward the body’s midline

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11
Q

Abduction

A

Movement of the line of sight of one eye away from the body’s midline

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12
Q

Supraduction

A

Movement of the line of sight of one eye above the straight ahead position/primary gaze

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13
Q

Infraduction

A

Movement of the line of sight of one eye below primary gaze

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14
Q

Dextroversion

A

Parallel movement of both eyes to the right

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15
Q

Levoversion

A

Parallel movement of both eyes to the left

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16
Q

Supraversion

A

Parallel movement of both eyes upward

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17
Q

Infraversion

A

Parallel movement of both eyes downward

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18
Q

Convergence

A

Movement of lines of sight toward the body’s midline or towards each other

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19
Q

Divergence

A

Movement of lines of sight away from the body’s midline or away from each other

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20
Q

Fusional vergence

A

Convergence movement with no associated change in accommodation

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21
Q

PFV

A

What type of fusional vergence does an exophore use?

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22
Q

NFV

A

What type of fusional vergence does an esophore use?

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23
Q

Phoria

A

What is it called when the lines of sight meet at the same point, after any tendency has been overcome?

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24
Q

Orthophoria

A

Two eyes converge directly on the target with no tendency to turn in or out, up or down

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25
Q

Exophoria

A

The tendency of the two eyes to turn out for a target; this tendency is overcome by positive fusional vergence

26
Q

Esophoria

A

The tendency of the two eyes to turn in for a target; this tendency is overcome by negative fusional vergence

27
Q

Hyperphoria

A

The tendency of one eye to look above the other; this tendency is overcome by vertical fusional vergence

28
Q

Strabismus

A

A deviation of one eye relative to the other; aka tropical, squint, or strab

29
Q

Exotropia

A

The deviation of one eye out

30
Q

Esotropia

A

The deviation of one eye in

31
Q

Hypertropia

A

The deviation of one eye up

32
Q

Hypotropia

A

The deviation of one eye down

33
Q

Biocular

A

A strabismus renders a patient _____; when not seeing double, 1 eye is suppressed

34
Q

Fusion

A

The images seen by two eyes being coordinated into one image cortically aka in the brain

35
Q

Suppression

A

Cutting off vision in one eye cortically because fusion is not possible

36
Q

Stereopsis

A

Depth perception; highest level of binocular vision

37
Q

Monocular

A

Only one functional eye or only one of the two eyes seeing

38
Q

Biocular

A

Each eye focusing on an object but two images are not fused; the patient sees double vision

39
Q

Binocular

A

The ability of the two eyes to focus on one object and fuse the two images into one

40
Q

Tonic position

A

The position of the two eyes at far point with no stimulus to accommodation or convergence; the physiological position of rest measured at far point

41
Q

Proximal convergence

A

Or psychic convergence; vergence brought about due to the awareness of the nearness of an object

42
Q

Fusional vergence

A

Vergence movement with no associated change in accommodation

43
Q

Anatomical position of rest

A

When all innervation to the extraocular muscles has been removed, in deep anesthesia or death; the eyes are usually up and out

44
Q

Prims

A

What deviates light toward the base and an image toward the apex?

45
Q

BI prism

A

_____ moves the target further away from the patient no matter who you are

46
Q

BO prims

A

_____ moves the target closer to the patient no matter who you are

47
Q

BI prism

A

Exophores are corrected/neutralized with ___

48
Q

PFV

A

When exophores are given BI prism, this causes patients to use less ___

49
Q

BO prism

A

Exophores are made worse by the addition of ____

50
Q

BO prism

A

Exophores are corrected/neutralized by ___

51
Q

NFV

A

The addition of BO prism to exophores causes the patient to use less ____

52
Q

BI prism

A

Esophores are made worse by the addition of ____

53
Q

Punctum remotum (convergence)

A

The position of the lines of sight when fusion is removed during far point fixation with accommodation relaxed; position of tonic convergence; the distance from which eyes have to move located on the z axis

54
Q

Punctum proxiumum

A

The closest point at which the patient can maintain single binocular vision; determined by performing the near point of convergence

55
Q

Amplitude of convergence

A

The prism dioptric difference between the PR and PP of convergence

56
Q

Accommodative convergence/Accommodation

A

The amount of accommodative convergence change per diopter change in accommodation (ratio) assume 6/1 if not given

57
Q

Accommodative convergence is stimulated

A

When accommodation is stimulated…

58
Q

Artificial exophore

A

Addition of plus lenses to an orthophore results in a ____, if plus lenses relax accommodation

59
Q

Artificial esophore

A

The addition of minus lenses to an orthophore results in a _____, if minus lenses stimulate accommodation

60
Q

Plus lenses

A

Treat an esophore with ____ lenses

61
Q

Minus lenses

A

Treat an exophore with ____ lenses

Theory and Methods 110 (8 decks)

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