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Animal Technology > Chapter 9- Swine Industry > Flashcards

Chapter 9- Swine Industry Flashcards

1
Q

What are the leading states

A
  • Iowa (25% of all production)
  • Illinois
  • Missouri
  • Michigan
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2
Q

How many litters can a sow have and how many pounds is it

A

-2 litters
-10 pigs a litter
20 pigs in total times 200lbs equals 4000lbs a year

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3
Q

What are some differences in reproduction from the bull and cow

A
  • polytocous
  • more uterine horn, small uterine body
  • average litter 9 to 10 pigs
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4
Q

When does the female hit puberty

A

4 to 7 months of age

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5
Q

What is the size of the gilt at puberty

A

150 to 250 lbs

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6
Q

How long is the estrus

A

1-5 days

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7
Q

How long is estrous

A

21 days

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8
Q

When do board reach puberty

A

5 to 8 months

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9
Q

What is the size of the boar when it reaches puberty

A

175 to 250 lbs

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10
Q

When should a gilt be bred

A

Third estrus, you get 2-3 extra pigs

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11
Q

When should a sow be bred

A

12-24 hours after onset of heat

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12
Q

What are the practices used for mating

A
  • hand (single) vs. lot (group)

- put one boar with one sow, allow to breed and then remove the boar

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13
Q

What is flushing and when should it be done

A

It increases feed to mating of gilts 4 to 5 days before breeding

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14
Q

What is the gestation length

A

114 days or 3 months, 3 weeks, and 3 days

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15
Q

When is the critical time

A

30 to 35 days into gestation

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16
Q

What is special about the embryos

A
  • Has separate embryonic fluid

- They function separately without effecting others

17
Q

How much salt is needed and what are the deficiency symptoms

A
  • most commonly needed mineral
  • requires 0.2-0.5% of their ration
    - Deficiency Symptoms
    - results in depraved appetite
    - poor growth
18
Q

What is phosphorus and calcium needed for and what are deficiency symptoms

A

-needed for skeletal growth
-balance is critical
Deficiency symptoms
-Lameness
-Paralysis of rear end
-add limestone

19
Q

What is iodine used for and deficiency symptoms

A

-needed for: growth, gestation, and lactation
-used by thyroid: to produce thyroid hormones
-regulates body temperature
Deficiency symptoms
-goiter
-loss of hair
-feed iodized salt

20
Q

What does iron do and what are the deficiency symptoms

A

-Needed for hemoglobin formation
-prevent anemia: occurs during suckling
-loss of appetite, become weak and inactive
Deficiency symptoms
-baby pig thumps
-accelerated heart beat

21
Q

How do you prevent iron deficiency

A
  • two injections of iron on day 3 and 21 days of age

- include in rations

22
Q

What is zinc needed for and what are deficiency symptoms

A

-needed for proper skin health and growth
Deficiency symptoms
-swine dermatosis
-sloughing of skin

23
Q

What are the vitamin B’s

A
  • Biotin
  • Pantothenic acid
  • Thamine
  • Niacin
  • Riboflavin and vitamin B12
24
Q

What is biotin and deficiency symptoms

A 
-Needed for growth and nervous system
   Deficiency symptom
        -loss of hair
        -cracks in feet
        -dermatosis-sloughing of skin
25
Q

What is niacin needed for and what are the deficiency symptoms

A 
Needed for hair growth and skin health 
   Deficiency symptoms
       -slow growth
       -pig pellagra (skin lesions) 
       -nervous and gastrointestinal disorders
26
Q

What is Pantothenic acid needed for and what are deficiency symptoms

A

Needed for proper muscle and nerve function
Deficiency symptoms
-Classic goose stepping gait
-Epileptic like fits

27
Q

What is riboflavin needed for and what are deficiency symptoms

A

Needed for growth and reproduction
Deficiency symptoms
-crooked legs

28
Q

What is Thiamin needed for and what are the deficiency symptoms

A

Needed for growth, temperature regulation, and heart function
Deficiency symptoms
-low body temperature
-slow pulse rate

29
Q

What is vitamin B 12 needed for and what are the deficiency symptoms

A

Needed for growth and nervous system
Deficiency symptoms
-hyper-irritability
-in coordination of the posterior

30
Q

Where is pork produced the most

A

Midwest where the corn belt is located. North central states lead in production

Animal Technology (5 decks)

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