Volcanoes and Plate Tectonics

Question 1

magma

Answer 1

liquid rock produced under Earth’s surface

Question 2

volcanism

Answer 2

any activity that includes the movement of magma toward or onto Earth’s surface

Question 3

lava

Answer 3

magma that flows onto Earth’s surface; the rock that forms when lava cools and solidifies

Question 4

volcano

Answer 4

a vent or fissure in Earth’s surface through which magma and gases are expelled

Question 5

hot spot

Answer 5

a volcanically active area of Earth’s surface, commonly far from a tectonic plate boundary

Question 6

mafic

Answer 6

describes magma or igneous rock that is rich in magnesium and iron and that is generally dark in colors

Question 7

felsic

Answer 7

describes magma or igneous rock that is rich in feldspar and silica and that is generally light in color

Question 8

pyroclastic material

Answer 8

fragments of rock that form during a volcanic eruption

Question 9

caldera

Answer 9

a large, circular depression that forms when the magma chamber below a volcano partially empties and causes the ground above to sink