Localisation Of Function In Brain

Question 1

Frontal lobe

Answer 1

-locates at front of brain and responsible for carrying out functions such as thinking, decision making and planning

Question 2

Temporal lobe

Answer 2

-located behind temples and responsible for processing auditory info from ears

Question 3

Parietal lobe

Answer 3

-locates at back of brain and responsible for processing sensory info that is associated with taste, temp, touch

Question 4

Occipital lobe

Answer 4

-locates at lower back of brain and responsible for processing visual info from eyes

Question 5

Cerebellum

Answer 5

Located in lower brain and responsible for balance and coordination

Question 6

Motor area

Answer 6

• primary motor cortex is responsible for movement, sends messages to muscles via brain stem and spinal cord
• only complex movement not basic movements like coughing

Question 7

Somatosensory area

Answer 7

• concerned with sensation of body and located next to motor cortex
• perceives TOUCH

Question 8

Visual area

Answer 8

• has two visual cortices, one located in each hemisphere of brain
• primary one is called OCCIPITAL LOBE
• essential for visual perception
• people with damage to this report no vision of any kind (inc dreams)

Question 9

Auditory area

Answer 9

-has two primary auditory cortices, located in each hemisphere
-if primary auditory cortex is damaged, DOESN’T LEAD TO TOTAL DEAFNESS
But if sounds require complex processing (such as music) ability is lost

Question 10

Language area

Answer 10

BROCA’S AND WERNICKE’S AREA

-for most people, it is located in left hemisphere

Question 11

Broca’s area and Wernickes area

Answer 11

B- responsible for speech production

W- responsible for comprehension of speech

Question 12

Penfield’s study of Motor and Somatosensory Cortex

Answer 12

Aim- investigate workings of conscious mind
Method:
1)Conducted brain surgery (was a neurosurgeon) which required patients to be conscious so surgeon can be sure any actions occurred in the right place (painless as brain has no sense receptors)
2) surgeon probed different areas of brain using gentle electrical stimulation and asked patients to report what thy experienced

Question 13

Results of Penfield’s study of Motor and Somatosensory Cortex

Answer 13

• many patients stated that when their temporal lobe was stimulated, they could hear things e.g. a man said he could hear a piano playing and recalled who played it
• surgeon then said he was going to stimulate it again but he didn’t, patient said he experienced nothing

Question 14

Conclusion of Penfield’s study of Motor and Somatosensory Cortex

Answer 14

-evidence for localisation of function: idea that some psychological functions are controlled from particular parts of brain within cerebral cortex

Question 15

Evaluation of Penfield’s study of Motor and Somatosensory Cortex

Answer 15

POSITIVE:
-showed that complex memories are stored in brain
NEGATIVE:
-he used patients with epilepsy so can’t be representative
-hard to generalise findings as it was different for each patient
-patients may have found it difficult to articulate their experience into words