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2ND Year- CSA > Intro to occlusion > Flashcards

Intro to occlusion Flashcards

1
Q

What is occlusion?

A

How the teeth come together and function

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2
Q

Whenever we do a restoration what should we keep in mind regarding occlusion

A

We need to make sure the patients but feels comfortable

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3
Q

What can happen if the teeth don’t meet in harmony?

A

Can lead to :

  1. Pain
  2. Loosening of teeth
  3. Fracture of restorations
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4
Q

What things can go wrong with occlusion?

A

We can overload the teeth

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5
Q

What can lead to overloading of teeth?

A
  1. Premature contacts (Interference)
  2. Lateral forces in posterior teeth
  3. Excessive forces due to parafunction (Bruxism)
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6
Q

What are occlusal interferences?

A

Interferences when a patent is bitting up and down usually due to a too high restoration

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7
Q

Define occlusion

A

The relationship of the maxillary to the mandibular teeth at rest and in function

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8
Q

What technique can you use to check you restoration isn’t too high?

A

Fremitus and articulation paper

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9
Q

What does Fremitus rely on?

A

Vibrations in the tooth

If a restoration is too high that tooth will vibrate more than its neighbours

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10
Q

What symptoms will a patient experience if you place a restoration that is too high?

A
  1. Inflammation
  2. Pain in the PDL
  3. Bruising + pain
  4. Widening of the PDL
  5. Increased mobility of tooth
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11
Q

Which forces are posterior teeth designed to deal with?

A

Vertical forces NOT horizontal

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12
Q

What is bruxism?

A

Subconscious, non-functional grinding

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13
Q

What symptoms can patents with bruxism experience?

A
  1. Increased tooth wear
  2. Fracture of restorations
  3. Muscle pain
  4. Micro cracks
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14
Q

What is the function of the Articular emine?

A

It guides the mandible forward when you slide you jaw forward

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15
Q

Where is the Articular emine found?

A

It is found on the glenoid fossa

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16
Q

What is freeway space?

A

The space between the upper and lower teeth AT REST

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17
Q

What is the typical value of the freeway space?

A

2-4mm

18
Q

What does ICP stand for in terms of occlusion?

A

Inter cuspal position

19
Q

What is the Intercuhspal Position?

A

The position of he mandible when the mandibular and maxillary teeth are maxillary interdigitated

20
Q

What does RCP Stand for?

A

Retruded Contact Position

21
Q

What two processes occur in the TMJ when the mouth opens?

A

The condyle both ROTATES and TRANSLATES (moves forwards and downwards)§

22
Q

What is the first part of rotation (jaw opening) controlled by?

A

The digastric muscle

23
Q

Up to how many cm does the mouth open during rotation?

A

Upto 2cm (20mm)

24
Q

Which muscle controls the translation of the mouth?

A

Lateral pterygloid muscle

25
Q

What happens in the translating stage of jaw opening?

A

The jaw open all the way

26
Q

Name the key muscles involved in closing the mouth

A
  1. Temporalis
  2. Masseter
  3. Medial pterygoid
  4. Lateral pterygoid
27
Q

Name some jaw movements we talk about in dentistry

A

Protrusion and lateral movements

28
Q

How does your body prevent horizontal movement form affecting the molars?

A

Condylar guidance

29
Q

What is the “working” side

A

The side your jaw is moving to

30
Q

What is the non working side?

A

The side your jaw isn’t moving to

31
Q

Which sides condyle moves more?

A

The n on working side

32
Q

What are the 2 terms we use to describe occlusal schemes

A
  1. Canine guidance

2. Group function

33
Q

Describe a patient who is said to have canine guidance

A

It means only the canines on their working side remain in contact when movies to that side

34
Q

Describe a patient who is said to have group function

A

When they move their jaw laterally 2 or more teeth remain in contact on the working side

35
Q

Why might older patients be in group function rather than canine guidance

A

Because over time they have worn down their canines due to grinding

36
Q

What are the problems associated with group functions

A

Canines come into contact with each other during lateral movement which they don’t like

37
Q

What can we use to check the occlusion of alginate models we have taken?

A

We can use an articulator

38
Q

What is an articulator?

A

It is a mechanical device that recreates the patients jaws upon which study models can be positioned and the relationship between upper and lower teeth can be studied

39
Q

Name different types of articulators

A
  1. Simple hinge
  2. Average value
  3. Semi adjustable
  4. Fully adjustable
40
Q

What is the terminal hinge axis

A

The point about which the condyle rotates during the rotatory phase of opening

2ND Year- CSA (8 decks)

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