Measurement

Question 1

What is the GEA

Answer 1

Gross External Area - Gross External Area is the area of a building measured externally at each floor level.

Includes; All perimiter walls and projections, Areas occupied by internal walls, columns, peirs, chimney breasts, stairwells e.c.t

Excludes; open balaconies, open fire escapes, open sided walkways, open vehical parking e.c.t

Question 2

What is GIA

Answer 2

GIA is the total area of buildings owned, occupied or maintained by the HEP, measured to the internal face of the perimeter walls at each floor level;

Includes; anything projecting inward from the internal walls including Areas occupied by internal walls, columns e.c.t

Excludes; External walls, open balaconies, open fire escapes, open sided walkways e.c.t

Question 3

What is NIA

Answer 3

Net internal area is measures all usable floor areas;

Includes; Kitchens, Any built in cupboards or units that occupy usable areas, Perimeter skirting boards, mouldings and trunking, Open circulation areas such as atria e.c.t

Excludes; Internal structural walls. Enclosed areas of walls, Piers, columns, chimney breasts, ducts and other projections e.c.t

Question 4

When is GEA used

Answer 4

Used when; Town planning, Rating and council tax for houses and bungalows

Question 5

When is GIA used

Answer 5

Used when; Estate agency and valuation, Rating, Property management of industrial buildings (including ancillary offices), warehouses, department stores, variety stores and food superstores, New homes valuation

Question 6

When is NIA used

Answer 6

Used when; Estate agency and valuation, Rating, Property management of shops, supermarkets, offices and buisness use.

Question 7

What are the international property measurment standards (IPMS)

Answer 7

IPMS were introduced to address current inconsistencies in the way property of all types is measured from one market to the next.

Question 8

What organisations use IMPS

Answer 8

As of 2017 there were 80 professional and non profit orginasiations who work to the IPMS including; British Property Federation, Australian Property Institute, European Council of Real Estate Professions

Question 9

What is a theodolite

Answer 9

A theodolite is a surveying instrument with a rotating telescope for measuring horizontal and vertical angles..

Question 10

What does a theodolite measure

Answer 10

Theodolites measure angles in degrees minutes and seconds. Each degree is split up into 60 parts, each part being 1/60 of a degree. These parts are called minutes. Each minute is split up into 60 parts, each part being 1/60 of a minute. These parts are called seconds.

Question 11

How do you measure the height of a building with a theodolite

Answer 11

Measuring the height of a building;

1. Set up the total station or theodolite ensuring that it is level
2. Measure the height of the total station or theodolite with a staff looking directly forward.
3. Aim the sight at the top corner of the building and record the angle
4. Record the horizontal distance from the total station to the building by EDM or tape
5. Multiple the horozontal distance by the tangent of the angle. Then the height of the station is added. This gives you the overall height.

Question 12

What is the formula used to measure the height of a building

Answer 12

Tan θ = opp / adj

e.g. an angle of 38°11’12’’ is recorded with a horizontal distance of 24.6m with a recorded height at 2.2m. 24.6 x tan(38°11’12’’)+2.2 = 21.549.

Question 13

What BS governs the use of theodolites

Answer 13

BS 7334-4:1992 Measuring instruments for building construction. Methods for determining accuracy in use of theodolites.

Question 14

What instruments are used in traverse leveling

Answer 14

A dumpy level consists of a telescope-like device fitted on a tripod stand and used for establishing or verifying points in the same horizontal plane. Together with a vertical staff, it is used to measure height differences.

Question 15

How do you set up a dumpy level

Answer 15

Setting up a level

1. Find a known height (benchmark datum) location near the spot you want to measure.
2. Set your tripod up approximatly level near the spot you want to measure.
3. Connect your device to the tripod and position it over 2 leveling screws.
4. Level the device by adjusting the 2 leveling screws simaltaniously.
5. Turn your telescope 90 degrees and adjust the third leveling screw.
6. If the bubble is not centered in any of the 3 positions, repeat the leveling process until it is.

Question 16

What are some common errors whilst leveling

Answer 16

Potential errors

• Careless levelling-up of the instrument
• The staff not being held vertical
• The staff not being fully extended
• Incorrect crosshair being read
• Parallax error is when the viewing angle that is other than the angle that is perpendicular to the object. Paralax error can be prevented by focusing the crosshairs at very close range.
• settlement of staff or the level

Question 17

What two methods are used to determine levels

Answer 17

Height of collimaiton method,

Rise and fall method.

Question 18

what is the arithmetic check for rise and fall

Answer 18

Arithmatic check, the method is correct if: Sum of Backsights. – sum of Foresights = sum of Rise – sum of Fall = last Reduced Level – first Reduced Level

Question 19

What is IMPS 1

Answer 19

Sum of all floor areas measured to the outer perimeter wall. Similar to GEA.

Question 20

What is IPMS office 2

Answer 20

Sum of all floor areas measured to the internal dominant face recorded on a component by component basis.

Question 21

under IMPS office 2 what are some components

Answer 21

vertical penetrations
structural elements
circulation spaces
workspaces
technical services

Question 22

What is the internal dominant face under IPMS

Answer 22

The internal dominant face is the area of the wall that makes up at least 50% of the floor to the ceiling area.

Question 23

what is a limited area under IPMS

Answer 23

Limited areas include areas where there is limited amount of headspaces such as roof spaces and crawl spaces. The height will need to be measured in these spaces.

Question 24

What is IPMS office 3

Answer 24

The measurement of the internal area exclusive to an occupier used for letting properties. The wall shared with adjacent properties is included up to the centerline.

Question 25

How is risk minimized when measuring

Answer 25

• Equipment is checked regularly
• sufficient dimensions are taken
• software checks are undertaken on all calcs

Question 26

What measurement guidence is avalible for RICS members

Answer 26

RICS Property Measurement, 2nd edition

International Property Measurement Standards: All Buildings (draft for consultation)

Question 27

What is IMPS 4

Answer 27

IPMS 4 is used for measuring Floor Areas of selected parts within a Building. Such measurements are
directly linked to specific defined criteria and are measured to the Finished Surface.

Question 28

When is IMPS 4 used?

Answer 28

The IPMS draft guidance note gives several examples including;

• the extent of air-conditioned against non-air-conditioned space
• how much space has a security restriction;
• the size of a hotel suite;
• room areas within a residence.