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Abdomen > Liver Part 1 > Flashcards

Liver Part 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Liver produces _________ needed by the body

A

Protein

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2
Q

Liver produces energy by

A

Breaking down nutrients

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3
Q

The liver stores

A

Vitamins, minerals and sugar

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4
Q

Bile is needed to break down (5)

A

Fats and vit A, D, E, and K

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5
Q

Liver produces most of the substances that regulate

A

Blood clotting

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6
Q

Bile is produced within

A

The hepatocyte

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7
Q

the ___________ drains old blood in the liver back to the hepatic veins

A

Central vein

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8
Q

Which structure seperates the medial and lateral left lobe

A

Left intersegmental fissure

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9
Q

Which structures lie within the left inter segmental fissure

Cranially =
Middle =
Caudally=

A

Cranially - LHV
Middle — Ascending LPV
Caudally- ligamentum teres

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10
Q

What does the middle hepatic vein separate

A

Anterior RL and medial LL

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11
Q

What is the name of the capsule

A

Glissons capsule

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12
Q

Right lobe measuremtn

A

13-17 cm

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13
Q

Hepatic veins in what directions

A

Hepatofugal

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14
Q

MPV should not exceed ____ mm in AP diameter

A

13mm

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15
Q

Diaphragmatic slips are the cause of _______ on liver sonography

A

Pseudomass

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16
Q

Diaphragmatic slips are associated with

A

Diaphragmatic muscle bundles that attach the central tendon to the thoracic cage

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17
Q

Mirror image artifact is caused by

A

Diaphragm

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18
Q

Is alpha fetoprotein (AFP) seen under normal circumstances

A

No

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19
Q

Alpha fetoprotein (AFP) is a ________ normally synthesized by ____(3)

A

Protein

Liver, yolk sac, and GI tract of fetus

20
Q

Alpha fetoprotein (AFP) is a _________ marker for _________

A

Nonspecific marker for malignancy

21
Q

Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is a __________ produced primarly by ____(3)

A

Enzyme

Liver, bone and placenta

22
Q

Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is excreted through

A

The bile ducts

23
Q

Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) marked elevation is associated with

A

Obstructive jaundice

24
Q

Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) is a _______ found in high concentrations in _________ and low concentrations in ____(3)

A

Enzyme

High: in the liver

Low: heart, muscle and kidneys

25
Q

Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) remains longer than

A

Aspartate aminotransferase - AST

26
Q

Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) is used to assess

A

Jaundice

27
Q

Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) elevation is assosiated with (3)

A

Cirrhosis, hepatitis and biliary obstruction

28
Q

Mild elevation of Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) associated with

A

Liver metastases

29
Q

Aspartate aminotransferase - AST is an ________ present in many kinds of tissue that is released when ________

A

Enzyme

Cells are injured or damaged

30
Q

Aspartate aminotransferase - AST levels are proportional to the (2)

A

Amount of damage and

the time between cell injury and testing

31
Q

Aspartate aminotransferase - AST test is used to diagnose

A

Liver disease before jaundice occurs

32
Q

Aspartate aminotransferase - AST elevation is associated with (3)

A

Cirrhosis, hepatitis and mononucleosis

33
Q

Prothrombin time test is an _______ produced by _______

A

Enzyme prod by liver

34
Q

Normal clotting time is

A

10-15 seconds

35
Q

Prothrombin time depends on the amount of

A

Vitamin K

36
Q

Elevation of prothrombin time is associated with (4)

A

Cirrhosis, malignancy, malabsorption of vitamin K and clotting failure

37
Q

Prothrombin time decreases with (5)

A

subacute or acute cholecystitis, internal biliary fistula, carcinoma of the GB, biliary duct injury and prolonged extrahepatic biliary obstruction

38
Q

Leukocytosis is

A

A white blood cell count above the normal range

39
Q

Leukocytosis is a sign of

A

Inflammatory or infection response

40
Q

Leukocytosis is not a disease but a

A

Labratory finding

41
Q

Serum albumin decrease suggests

A

A decrease in protein synthesis

42
Q

Normal total bilirubin is ____ to ____d/L

A

0.3-1.1

43
Q

Normal direct bilirubin is ___ to ___ d/L

A

0.1-0.4

44
Q

Bilirubin is a product of the

A

Breakdown of hemoglobin in old blood cells

45
Q

Elevation of direct or conjugated bilirubin is associated with (4)

A

Obstruction, hepatitis, cirrhosis and liver metastases

Abdomen (20 decks)

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