Features of Science

Question 1

What are the 4 things that make psychology a science?

Answer 1

The FORE things:

Falsifiable.
Objectivity.
Replicability.
Empirical Methods.

Question 2

What are empirical methods?

Answer 2

Methods of gaining knowledge which rely on direct observation or testing.

Question 3

What do empirical methods say about assumptions?

Answer 3

You cannot make the, you must be testing in a lab where you can get results.

Question 4

What are 3 examples of people that used empirical methods?

Answer 4

Loftus, Baddeley and Milgram.

Question 5

What is objectivity?

Answer 5

When the measurement of data is not affected by the expectations of the researcher.

Question 6

What should you avoid in order to achieve objectivity?

Answer 6

No bias coming from your interpretation.

Question 7

Who is an example of someone that has bad objectivity?

Answer 7

Freud.

Question 8

Who is an example of someone that has good objectivity, why?

Answer 8

Milgram, nothing subjective about whether they pressed a button.

Question 9

What is replicability?

Answer 9

Recording procedures carefully in order for it to be repeatable.

Question 10

What do you need to make sure your study is in order to get replicability?

Answer 10

Operationalised, specific and organised.

Question 11

What does replicability allow you to test?

Answer 11

Reliability, it is reliable if the results of a repeated test are the same, and for the results to be able to be repeated, the experiment must be repeatable, which is what replicability is.

Question 12

What is an example of a test that had replicability?

Answer 12

Miller repeated Jacob’s study.

Question 13

What is falsifiable?

Answer 13

The possibility that a statement or hypothesis can be proved wrong.

Question 14

Why do you want a test to be falsifiable?

Answer 14

If you can prove it wring it means you can test it properly.

Question 15

Why are Freud’s theories not falsifiable?

Answer 15

Because you cannot prove them wrong, therefore they are bad science.

Question 16

What is a paradigm basically?

Answer 16

An approach.

A shared way of thinking.

Question 17

What is a posher way of saying what a paradigm is?

Answer 17

A shared setoff assumptions about a subject matter and the methods appropriate to its study.

Question 18

What is a paradigm shift in terms of approaches?

Answer 18

When one approach takes the lead from another in popularity.

Question 19

When will a paradigm shift occur?

Answer 19

When a group of researchers begin to question he accepted paradigm.
Eventually there is too much contradictory evidence to ignore.

Question 20

What are the two ways you can construct a theory?

Answer 20

Inductively or deductively.

Question 21

What is the large different between constructing a theory inductively or inductively?

Answer 21

When you propose the theory.

Question 22

How do you construct a theory inductively?

Answer 22

Observations.
Testable hypothesis.
Conduct study to test hypothesis.
Draw conclusions.
Propose theory.

Question 23

How do you construct a theory deductively?

Answer 23

Observations.
Propose theory.
Testable hypotheses.
Conduct study to test hypothesis.
Draw conclusions.