Grapevine Structure Flashcards
What is the difference between a cane and a spur?
Canes are current years growth extending from the trunk.
Spurs are from previous years’ growths and effectively and extension of the trunk.
Define “Canopy” in regards to grapevines:
The complete system of canes, shoots and leaves that grow from the trunk.
aka Leaf-Wall
Define “Leaf-Wall” in regards to grapevines:
The complete system of canes, shoots and leaves that grow from the trunk.
aka Canopy
What is a petiole?
Fresh leaves attached to the cane on stalks. Opposite each one will be either a flower cluster or tendril. The flower cluster is known as an ‘inflorescence’
What is an inflorescence?
flower cluster that grows opposite the petiole which is the fresh leaves growing off the cane on stalks.
On a cane, how do the flower clusters appear opposite the petioles?
Usually non on the first 2 or three leaves, then they grow opposite the next few, reducing in size as the get farther from the the older wood. Most varieties will carry 2 - 3 flower clusters per cane, although some may have up to 4.
What is an axil?
the angle formed by the stalk of the leaf and the cane. There is a node in here which contains plant matter that will turn into next year’s shoots and, if correctly stimulated, produce flowers for next year’s crop.
What are gibberillins?
Plant growth hormones
What is an internode?
The distance between leaf positions
How does the internode distance affect crop quantity?
Longer internodes reduce crop quantity because fewer inflorescences (flower clusters) are produced further away from the older wood
What are the purposes of the root system? (3)
1) To anchor the plant in the soil
2) To provide a conduit for moisture and nutrients
3) To store nutrients, carbohydrates and moisture
What plant hormone stimulates root growth?
Cytokins
