PRODUCTION Flashcards
job creation
singular bespoke products for a one-off customer
tailor made to individuals needs and often used for expensive products
batch production
producing a set number of identical items
machinery can be used to speed up process
flow production
continuous production of a single item
production rarely stops
most
cost efficient for items with high sales
job production advantages
more loyal customers benefit from word of mouth employees can be better motivated flexible production method associated with higher quality - can charge more
job production disadvantages
individual cost per unit is high
labour intensive - high labour costs
requires close consultation with clients
reliant on high skills
batch production advantages
cost of savings can be achieved via economies of scale
allows some choice for customers
products can be worked on by a specialist staff or equipment at each stage meaning that the quality is higher
allows firm to handle unexpected orders
batch production disadvantages
takes time to switch product
requires maintenance of high stocks
tasks may become boring
size of batch limited by capacity allowed by technology
flow production advantages
don’t have to train workers as much
cost per unit improved
suitable for large quantities
flow production disadvantages
capital intensive production -> requires more equipment and goods therefore requires larger financial investment
cannot customise products
faulty production leads to large quantity of faulty products
high raw materials and finished stocks unless use lean production
all production is shut down if any stations stop working
job creation examples
building ships, bridges and buildings
custom fit clothes
batch production examples
clothing (made in different colours and sizes)
baked goods
flow production examples
chocolate
electronic goods
donuts
cell production
work organised into teams
teams given responsibility of doing a part of production
cell production advantages
improved communication workers become multi-skilled and more flexible greater motivation and productivity customisable quality control
cell production disadvantages
need to trust workers
less intensive use of machinery
staff need to be well recruited and trained
