Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

MD3002 Anatomy > Abdominal Wall 2: Posterior wall, neurovascular supply, femoral hernias > Flashcards

Abdominal Wall 2: Posterior wall, neurovascular supply, femoral hernias Flashcards

1
Q

What are contained in the paravertebral gutters?

A

Muscles and kidneys

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the posterior abdominal muscles?

A
  • Quadratus lumborum
  • Psoas major
  • Psoas minor
  • Diaphragm
  • Iliacus
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Where does the quadratus lumborum originate?

A
  • Inferior border of 12th rib

- Transverse processes of L1-4 vertebrae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Where does the quadratus lumborum insert?

A
  • Iliolumbar ligament

- Iliac crest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the action of the quadratus lumborum?

A

Pulls down the 12th rib, help descent of the diaphragm during inspiration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the innervation of the quadratus lumborum?

A

T12-L4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What does the quadratus lumborum’s fascia constitute?

A

The lateral arcuate ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the origin of the psoas major?

A
  • Transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae

- Bodies of T12 - L4 and IV disks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Where is the insertion of the psoas major?

A

Lesser trochanter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the action of the psoas major?

A
  • Flexion of the thigh (with iliacus)
  • Flexion of the trunk (with iliacus)
  • Lateral flexion of the vertebral column
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the nerve innervation of the psoas major?

A

L1-3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the origin of the psoas minor?

A

Bodies of T12 - L1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the insertion of the psoas minor?

A

Pectineal line and iliopectineal eminenece

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the nerve innervation of the psoas minor?

A

L1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What percentage of people roughly have a psoas minor?

A

40%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What muscle constitutes the medial arcuate ligament?

A

The psoas major’s fascia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

WHat is the origin of the iliacus?

A
  • Iliac fossa
  • Iliac crest
  • Anterior sacroiliac ligament
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the insertion of the iliacus?

A

Lesser trochanter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the action of the iliacus?

A

Flexion of the thigh (with psoas major)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What nerve innervates the iliacus?

A

Femoral (L2-4)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What divides the muscular and vascular compartments?

A

The femoral sheath

22
Q

What is the femoral sheath continous with?

A

Transversalis and iliac fascias

23
Q

What is the femoral canal bounded by?

A
  • Inguinal ligament (ant)
  • Lacunar ligament (med)
  • Pectineus or pectineal ligament (post)
  • Femoral vein (lat)
  • Closed by extraperitoneal tissue
24
Q

What is the femoral ring an opening of?

A

Femoral canal

25
Q

Where does the femoral ring lie in relation to the vascular compartment?

A

The femoral ring lies medially to the vascular compartment

26
Q

How much more likely are woman than men to get a femoral hernia?

A

20x more common in females

27
Q

What does the femoral hernia protrude through?

A

The femoral ring which is a weak area and often associated with abnormal protrusion of abdominal organs into the femoral canal

28
Q

What is more prone to strangulation a femoral or inguinal hernia?

A

Femoral hernia

29
Q

What can be a useful landmark to differntiate an inguinal from a femoral hernia?

A

The pubic tubercle

  • Infero-lateral = femoral usually
  • Infero-medial = inguinal usually
30
Q

What spinal nerves supply the abdominal wall?

A

T7-L1 spinal nerves

31
Q

What nerves does the L1 spinal nerve contribute towards?

A
  • Iliohypogastric and ilioinguinal especially the inferior arching fibres
    IMPORTANT
32
Q

What do the intercostal nerves travel between in the abdomen?

A
  • Internal oblique

- Transversus abdominus

33
Q

What spinal nerve does the umbilicus receive referred pain from?

A
  • T10

- appendix, gonad, small intestine

34
Q

What spinal nerve does the epigastrum receive referred pain from?

A

T6-7

- Stomach and oesophagus

35
Q

What spinal nerve does the pubic region receive referred pain from?

A

T12

- Lower colon, bladder, uterus

36
Q

What is herpes zoster/shingles?

A
  • Varicella zoster virus may remain inactive in nerve cells
  • Reactivation of varicella zoster virus causes disease
  • The rash (blisters) can form a band along the course of a nerve (dermatome)
  • Only appears on one side of the body
  • Skin remains painful until after the rash is gone
37
Q

What muscle does the lumbar plexus form in?

A

The psoas major, branches of which is visible on the posterior abdominal pelvic walls

38
Q

What do the lumbar plexus nerves supply?

A

Abdominal muscles and extensor and adductor compartments of the thigh

39
Q

What are the nerves of the lumbar plexus?

A
  • Iliohypogastric (L1)
  • Ilioinguinal (L1)
  • Genitofemoral (L1,2)
  • Lateral femoral cutaneous (L2,3) (lateral cutaneous nerve of thigh)
  • Obturator (L2,3,4)
  • Femoral (L2,3,4)
  • To lumbosacral trunk -> sacral plexus
40
Q

What is the arterial supply of the abdominal wall?

A
  1. Intercostal arteries
  2. Lumbar arteries
    Branches of abdominal aorta
  3. Superior epigastric arteries
    Branch of the internal thoracic artery
    Descends behind the rectus abdominis, in rectus sheath
  4. Inferior epigastric arteries
  5. Superficial epigastric arteries
  6. Superficial circumflex iliac arteries
  7. Deep circumflex iliac arteries
41
Q

Where do the veins drain to in the abdominal wall?

A
  • The femoral and external iliac veins inferiorly

- The internal thoracic and axillary veins superiorly

42
Q

What structure do the veins of the abdomen radiate out from?

A

The umbilicus

43
Q

What vein can the superficial epigastric and superficial circumflex iliac drain into rather than the femoral?

A

The great saphenous vein

44
Q

What veins connect the system through the umbilicus to the portal veins of the liver?

A

The para-umbilical veins

45
Q

Where does lymph drain when above the umbilicus?

A

Anterior axillary nodes

46
Q

Where does lymph drain when below umbilicus?

A

Superficial inguinal nodes

47
Q

Where does lymph drain when above the iliac crests?

A

Posterior axillary nodes

48
Q

Where does lymph drain when below the iliac crests?

A

Superficial inguinal nodes

49
Q

Describe generally the lymph drainage of the deeper abdominal wall

A
  • Drained by vessels alongside the epigastric vessels
  • Superiorly to the parasternal nodes -> mediastinal nodes
  • Inferiorly to the external iliac -> the para-aortic nodes
50
Q

How can a tuberculosis or salmonella infection appear as a mass?

A

Called psoas abscess
- Infection can pass to psoas muscle sheath, and spreads within the muscle and sheath, and may appear below the inguinal ligament as a mass

51
Q

What is meralgia paresthetica?

A
  • Condition characterized by tingling, numbness and burning pain in your outer thigh
  • Caused by compression of the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve

MD3002 Anatomy (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions