Eukaryotic

Question 1

How many genes do eukaryotic cells have?

Answer 1

6000-30000

Question 2

How many genes do bacteria have?

Answer 2

500-4000

Question 3

Why are eukaryotic genomes larger than prokaryotic?

Answer 3

E ha d regulatory genes, non coding DNA, greater complexity of organism, repeat sequences

Question 4

What is a promoter?

Answer 4

Part of a gene that controls its transcription

Question 5

What is a exon?

Answer 5

Transcribed sequence that is represented in the final mRNA

Question 6

What is an intron?

Answer 6

Inverting sequence that is represented and transcribed and transcribed

Question 7

What types are repetitive sequences are there?

Answer 7

Interspersed and tandemly

Question 8

What is interspersed repetitive DNA?

Answer 8

Repeated unit scattered in genome

Question 9

What is tandemly repetitive DNA?

Answer 9

located at telomeres and centromeres

Question 10

Describe the chromatin structure

Answer 10

Associated with histones

Protein and DNA

Question 11

What is heterochromatin?

Answer 11

Highly condensed during interphase

Question 12

What is euchromatin?

Answer 12

Less condensed during interphase and able to be transcribed

Question 13

How is chromatin packaged?

Answer 13

Nucleosome is the basic unit of chromatin, 200bp are wrapped around it and packaged into 30nm chromatin fibres

Question 14

How is chomatin modified?

Answer 14

DNA methylation and acetylation

Question 15

What is the role of a promoter?

Answer 15

Determines where transcription of gene is initiated and the rate of transcription