Human Growth & Dev

Question 1

According to Piaget’s stages of moral judgment, a child younger than age ten will think which of the following is worse?

Answer 1

Someone who was trying to help his mother set the table and broke five dishes.

Question 2

How many stages are there of moral reasoning, according to Kohlberg?

Answer 2

Six

Question 3

3 Levels of Kohlberg’s stages

Answer 3

(pre-conventional, conventional and post-conventional) and six stages: 1. obedience and punishment orientation 2. individualism and exchange 3. good interpersonal relationships 4. maintaining the social order 5. social contract and individual rights 6. universal principles.

Question 4

Relativistic thinking

Answer 4

is the belief that every issue must be evaluated because everything is contextual.

Question 5

Dualistic thinking

Answer 5

occurs in Dualism when students believe every problem is solvable and they are to learn the right answers.

Question 6

(Perry) 4 stages of mental and moral development:

Answer 6

Dualism, Multiplicity, Relativism, and Commitment

Question 7

Vygotsky

Answer 7

Which theorist believed in the zone of proximal development (ZPD)?

Question 8

Kohlberg’s theory of moral development has three progressive levels ending in:

Answer 8

principled thought

Question 9

Therapists adhering to which of the following theories would believe that aggression is learned through modeling?

Answer 9

Social Learning

Question 10

Which is true about Freud’s idea of the preconscious mind:

Answer 10

It contains both hidden memories and what is happening.

Question 11

Id

Answer 11

present at birth and is part of the unconscious. It is impulsive, not rational, and moves towards pleasure and away from pain.

Question 12

Superego

Answer 12

made up of the conscience and ideal self and incorporates society’s values and norms.

Question 13

Ego

Answer 13

uses a rational process to solve problems and meet the id’s demands while satisfying the superego.

Question 14

A fixed ratio schedule

Answer 14

occurs when a response is reinforced after a set number of responses.

Question 15

Fixed interval schedules

Answer 15

reinforce the response only after a certain amount of time has passed

Question 16

Variable interval schedules

Answer 16

reinforce the response after an unpredictable amount of time has gone by.

Question 17

Graham Wallace

Answer 17

four stages of insight: preparation, incubation, flash of illumination, and verification. The term ‘Aha! Moment’ is also used to describe insights when things suddenly become clearer.