L11 - Stereotyping and labelling Flashcards
Why do people stereotype?
- Cognitive function
- Simplify and systematise info
- To respond quicker to situations - Social function
- Differentiate groups of ppl
- Explain social events
- Justify the activities of a group
What is paternalistic stereotype?
- Low status
- Not competitive
- Low competence
- High warmth
What is admiration?
- High status
- Not competitive
- High competence
- High warmth
What is contemptuous stereotype?
- Low status
- Competitive
- Low competence
- Low warmth
- Negative emotions such as disgust, resentment, hostility, lack of respect
What is envious stereotype?
- High status
- Competitive
- High competence
- Low warmth
What is the out-group homogeneity effect?
People tend to perceive members of an out-group as similar to each other
What is the in-group differentiation effect?
People perceive many differences between members of their own group
What is confirmation bias?
The tendency to search for, interpret, favour and recall information in a way that confirms or strengthens one’s prior personal beliefs or hypotheses
- Interpret new evidence as confirmation of one’s existing beliefs
- A type of cognitive bias
What is self-stereotyping?
When an individual integrates commonly held characteristics of an in-group into his or her self concept
What are the consequences of stereotyping?
- Stereotypes affect our expectations of others and ourselves
- Stereotypes affect social perceptions and behaviour
- Conformity
- Scapegoating
- Prejudice/ discrimination - Stereotype threat
- Self fulfilling prophecy
What is scapegoating?
The practice of singling out a person or group for unmerited blame and consequent negative treatment
What is stereotype threat?
- When people are or feel themselves to be at risk of conforming to stereotypes about their social group (linked to their in-group)
- Person exp anxiety or concern
- Negative impact on performance
What are the different types of stigma?
- Discrediting vs discreditable
- The experience of stigma differs based on how easily concealable their condition is - Anticipated stigma
- Felt stigma
- Courtesy stigma
- Enacted stigma
What are the consequences of stigmatisation?
- Embarrassment
- Shame
- Reduced self-esteem
- Depression
- Social exclusion
- Discrimination/ harassment
- Red health-seeking behaviour
- Delays in treatment
- Poor treatment adherence
How could you change stereotypes/ stigma?
- Counter- stereotypes
- Contact hypothesis
- Education
- Media/ social media
