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Paedriatrics > Surgery > Flashcards

Surgery Flashcards

1
Q

What is the typical blood volume in children?

A

80mls/kg

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2
Q

What is the typical urine output of a child?

A

0.5-1ml/kg/hr

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3
Q

What is the typical insensible fluid loss in a child?

A

20ml/kg/dy

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4
Q

What is the typical systolic BP in a child?

A

80 + (2 x age)

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5
Q

What drug is not recommended in <12yrs?

A

Codeine

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6
Q

What is the dosage of paracetamol in children?

A

20mg/kg 4-6hrly

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7
Q

What is the dosage of ibuprofen in children?

A

10mg/kg 8hrly

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8
Q

What are sentinel signs?

A 
Feed refusal
Bile vomits
Colour
Tone
Temp
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9
Q

What is Murphy’s triad for appendicitis?

A

Pain
Vomiting
Fever

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10
Q

What are signs of appendicitis?

A

Murphy’s Triad

Tenderness over McBurney’s point

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11
Q

What are complications of appendicitis?

A

Abscess
Mass
Peritonitis

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12
Q

What are symptoms that are clues to appendicitis?

A

Moderate temp
Vomiting
Looks unwell

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13
Q

What is NSAP?

A

Non specific abdominal pain

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14
Q

What are features of NSAP?

A 
Short duration
Central
Constant
Not made worse by movement
No GI disturbance
No temp
Site and severity of tenderness may vary
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15
Q

What sex does NSAP occur in more?

A

Girls

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16
Q

What can NSAP mimic?

A

Early appendicitis

17
Q

What is mesenteric adenitis?

A

Inflammation and swelling of lymph nodes inside abdomen

18
Q

What are signs of mesenteric adenitis?

A

High temp
URTI often
Not ‘unwell’

19
Q

What are signs of pyloric stenosis?

A

Non bilious vomiting - ‘projectile’

Weight loss

20
Q

What sex does pyloric stenosis occur in more?

A

Males

21
Q

What are blood gas signs of pyloric stenosis?

A

Alkalosis
Hypochloraemia
Hypolakaemia

22
Q

What is the management of pyloric stenosis?

A

Test feed
IV fluid
US
Periumbilical pyloromyotomy

23
Q

What are signs of malrotation?

A

Bile vomiting - green

24
Q

What is the investigation for malrotation?

A

Upper GI contrast study

25
Q

What is the management for malrotation?

A

Laparotomy

26
Q

What are the signs/symptoms of intussusception?

A 
Colic
Dying spells - acute hypoxia
Bilious vomiting
Long cap refill
Bloody mucous PR
27
Q

What is the investigation for intussusception and what is a classic sign?

A

US abdomen

‘Target sign’

28
Q

What is the management for intussusception?

A

Pneumostatic reduction

Laparotomy

29
Q

What is gastroschisis?

A

Abdominal wall defect, bowel develops outside body

30
Q

What is the management for gastroschisis?

A

Primary/delayed closure

TPN

31
Q

What is examphalos?

A

Umbilical defect with covered viscera

32
Q

What are associated anomalies with exomphalos?

A 
Cardiac
Chromosomal
Renal
Neurological
Beckwith-Weideman syndrome
33
Q

What is the management of exomphalos?

A

Primary/delayed closure

Paedriatrics (19 decks)

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