mitosis meiosis

Question 1

mitosis

Answer 1

division of cells that results in two daughter cells contain the same number and type of chromosomes

Question 2

meiosis

Answer 2

generats gametes that contain half the number of chromosomes than found in a normal cell

Question 3

haploid

Answer 3

when only a single set of chromosomes n number

Question 4

diploid

Answer 4

double of haploid 2n

Question 5

sister chromatid

Answer 5

two compacted rod like identical halves of a DNA strand

Question 6

centromere

Answer 6

what attaches two sister chromatids at a specific location

Question 7

metacentric

Answer 7

centromere close to middle

Question 8

acrocentric

Answer 8

centromere closer to edge

Question 9

homologous chromosomes

Answer 9

indentical in size shape and banding of centromere

Question 10

karyotype

Answer 10

micrograph of stained chromosome in homologous pairs of decreasing size

Question 11

autosomes

Answer 11

44 of the chromosomes in matching pairs that arent sex chromosomes

Question 12

klinefelter syndrome

Answer 12

XXY

• the y chromosome always outways, off spring will be make looking in the exterior
• tall thin sterile mentally retarted indviduals

Question 13

Turner syndrome

Answer 13

XO

• only one X is not enough
• develop as females as absense of y
• sterile lack of secondary sexual characteristics

Question 14

sex determining region of y

Answer 14

region for primary determinant of maleness in humans
xx males found to carry portion of y chromosomes (SRY)
xy females lacking functional sry genes

Question 15

pseudoautosomal region

Answer 15

two ends of y chromosome that are homologous regions present at the end
same for both x and y chromosomes

Question 16

male specific region

Answer 16

includes the sry at least 78 genes needed for maleness and fertility

Question 17

how does SRY work

Answer 17

after 6 weeks of fertilization SRY pritein activates testes development and triggers hormones for development of male sex organs
- therefore female organ development is default if no hormone is present

Question 18

x- linked recessive trait

Answer 18

• more males than females since females must recieve two copies of the rare x allele to display phenotype whereas males are hemizygous

Question 19

hemizygous

Answer 19

males have one x and one y so only one copy