PASSMEDICINE

Question 1

What type of organism is C.diff?

Answer 1

Gram +ve bacillus

Question 2

An S- shaped urease- positive bacillus associated with gastritis and peptic ulcer formation?

Answer 2

H. Pylori

Question 3

How would you diagnose H. pylori?

Answer 3

IgG serology
13C/14C urea breath test
Rapid urease test - requires endoscopy and biopsy

Question 4

How does HIV evade the immune system?

Answer 4

• Directly infects CD4+ cells
• Invades macrophages and dendritic cells- site of continuous viral replication
• By directly transcription into the cells DNA by constant variation by mutating though antigenic variation

Question 5

What are the 3 viral enzymes in HIV?

Answer 5

• Reverse transciptase
• Protease
• Integrase

Question 6

What is a Ghon complex?

Answer 6

Lung lesion made from macrophages attack on TB + Regional lymph nodes

Question 7

Who does biliary TB present in?

Answer 7

Immunocompromised patients

Question 8

What type of hypersensitivity aids TB?

Answer 8

Type 4

Question 9

Which carcinoma is EBV associated with?

Answer 9

Burkitt’s lymphoma

Hodkin’s lymphoma

Question 10

What carcinoma is Hepatitis C associated with?

Answer 10

Hepatocarcinoma

Question 11

What carcinoma is associated with HIV?

Answer 11

Kaposi’s sarcoma

Question 12

Classical presentation of faeces in cholera?

Answer 12

Rice water

Question 13

How would you stage syphillis?

Answer 13

serology

Question 14

Which species is responsible for both respiratory and genital infections and is an obligate intracellular pathogen?

Answer 14

Chlamydia species

C. pneumonia causes atypical pneumonia
C. trachomatis causes genital infection

Question 15

What two structures are present in every virus?

Answer 15

Genomic material and a capsid