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Anatomy > 03/04 > Flashcards

03/04 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the function of the Respiratory System?

A
  • Air passageway
  • Site of gas exchange
  • Detection of odors
  • Sound production
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2
Q

The nasal cavity is lined with

A

A mucus lining that has olfactory cells

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3
Q

The Respiratory System can be organized

A
  • Structurally

- Functionally

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4
Q

What are parts of the upper respiratory tract?

A

Nose, nasal cavity, and pharynx

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5
Q

What are parts of the lower respiratory tract?

A

Larynx, Trachea, Lungs

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6
Q

The smallest branch is called the

A

Respiratory bronchiole

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7
Q

The Respiratory bronchiole contain alveoli which allow for

A

Gas exchange

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8
Q

The Respiratory system is lined by

A

Mucous Membranes

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9
Q

The Mucous Membranes contain a

A

Epithelial layer and connective tissue layer

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10
Q

How is the thickness in areas like nasal cavity and trachea?

A

Thick due to thicker cells

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11
Q

The Alveoli is made of

A

Simple squamous epithelial cells

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12
Q

Why is it important that the Alveoli has Simple squamous epithelial cells?

A

These cells allow for gas exchange to happen via diffusion

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13
Q

What is the function of the nose?

A
  • Moistens and warms the entering air
  • Filters and cleans the inspired air
  • Houses olfactory receptors
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14
Q

In what kind of environment does gas exchange happen in?

A

A moist environment since gas needs to diffuse as a fluid

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15
Q

Olfactory receptors are especially found in the

A

Nasal cavity

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16
Q

The nasal cavity is lined by

A

Two mucosal areas

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17
Q

What are the two mucosal areas that line the nasal cavity?

A
  • Olfactory

- Respiratory

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18
Q

What happens within the Respiratory mucus area?

A

Ciliated epithelium traps and moves particles from the throat

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19
Q

The nasal cavity has sensory cells which

A

Trigger sneezing

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20
Q

The pharynx consists of

A
  • Nasopharynx
  • Oropharynx
  • Laryngopharynx
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21
Q

The Nasopharynx is the

A

Uppermost region of the pharynx

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22
Q

What is the Nasopharynx area?

A

From the back of the nasal cavity, past the palate and down the uvula

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23
Q

What happens when you swallow?

A

The soft palate and uvula close up the air passageway

24
Q

The Oropharynx is the area which ranges from

A

The soft palate, uvula, epiglottis

25
Q

What is the Laryngopharynx?

A

Passageway for food and air

26
Q

The Laryngopharynx extends down to the

A

Larynx

27
Q

What does the epiglottis do when food is consumed?

A

Closes off the entrance to the trachea

28
Q

The Larynx is attached to the

A

Hyoid bone

29
Q

The Larynx is continuous with the

A

Trachea

30
Q

Air will enter the larynx and move through down into the

A

Trachea

31
Q

What is responsible for voice production?

A

The Larynx

32
Q

Vocal cords are located in the

A

Larynx

33
Q

The Trachea is the

A

Windpipe

34
Q

The Trachea runs from

A

Larynx to primary bronchi to lungs

35
Q

What is the function of the trachealis muscle?

A

It contracts when coughing

36
Q

The trachealis muscle contracts when

A

Something goes down the trachea

37
Q

What is the function of the Hyaline Cartilage in the Trachea?

A

Provides structure

38
Q

What allows for SA in the lungs?

A

Bronchial branching

39
Q

Terminal Bronchioles branch into

A

Respiratory bronchioles

40
Q

The respiratory bronchioles lead into

A

Alveolar sacs

41
Q

Terminal Bronchioles are lined by

A

Bands of smooth muscle, which contract and relax

42
Q

What happens when the smooth muscle band across a terminal bronchiole contracts?

A

Restriction of opening

43
Q

What happens when the smooth muscle band across a terminal bronchiole relaxes?

A

Air is allowed to come in

44
Q

Hormones get released during SNS to

A

Dilate bronchioles

45
Q

The inhaler for asthma allows for

A

The smooth muscles around bronchioles to relax

46
Q

Where does gas exchange occur in the Alveoli?

A

In the respiratory membrane

47
Q

The alveoli is surrounded by

A

Elastic fibers and capillaries

48
Q

Alveoli are connected to one another via

A

Pores

49
Q

Most Alveoli are made of

A

Type I Alveolar Cells

50
Q

What kind of cells are Type I Alveolar Cells?

A

Simple squamous epithelial cells

51
Q

What is the function of Type II Alveolar Cells?

A

They secrete surfactant, an oily fluid that will prevent alveoli from collapsing

52
Q

Alveoli have macrophages which will

A

Phagocytize and clean up surface of alveoli

53
Q

What happens when one has Pneumonia?

A

The buildup of fluid can interfere with gas exchange

54
Q

Pneumonia causes for the

A

Thickening of respiratory membrane

55
Q

Asthma allows for the

A

Increase of mucus production and inflammation of airways

Anatomy (46 decks)

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