General Terms Flashcards
Define:
Pruritus
Lesion
Rash
Naevus
What is a comedone? 2 types?
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Itching
An area of altered skin
An eruption
A localised malformation of tissue structures
A plus in a sebaceous follicle containing altered sebum, bacteria and cellular debris
White heads and black heads
Distribution (the pattern of spread of lesions)
Generalised Widespread Localised Flexural Extensor Pressure areas Dermatome Photosensitive Koebner pneumomenon
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All over the body
Extensive
Restricted to one area of skin only
Body folds (groins, neck, behind ears)
Knees, elbows and shins
Sacrum, buttocks, ankles, heels
An area of skin supplied by a single spinal nerve
Affects sun-exposed areas such as face, neck and back of hands
A linear eruption arising at site of trauma
Configuration (the pattern or shape of grouped lesions)
Discrete Confluent Linear Target Annular Discoid/nummular
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Individual lesions separated from each other
Lesions merging together
In a line
Concentric ring
Like a circle or ring
A coin-shaped/round lesion
Colour
Erythema (blanching or not) Purpura (blanching or not) Hypo-pigmentation De-pigmentation Hyper-pigmentation
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Redness (due to inflammation and vasodilation) which balances on pressure
Red/purple colour (due to bleeding in to the skin/mucous membranes) which does not blanch on pressure
Petechiae - pinpoint macules
Ecchymoses - large bruises
Area of paler skin
White skin due to absence of melanin
Darker skin which may be due to various causes (e.g. post-inflammation)
Morphology (the structure of a lesion) - primary lesions
Macule Patch Papule Nodule Plaque Vesicle Bulla Pustule Abscess Weal Boil/furuncle Carbuncle
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a flat area of altered colour
Larger flat area of altered colour or texture
Solid raised lesion <0.5cm
Solid raised lesion >0.5cm
Palpable scalling raised lesion >0.5cm
Small blister - raised, clear fluid filled lesion <0.5cm
Large blister - raised, clear fluid filled lesion >0.5cm
Pus filled lesion <0.5cm
Localised accumulation of pus in the dermis or subcutaneous tissues
Transient raised lesion due to dermal oedema
Staph infection around or within a hair follicle
Staph infection of adjacent hair follicles (multiple boils/furuncles)
Morphology (lesions that evolve from primary lesions) - secondary lesions
Excoriation Lichenification Scales Crust Scar Ulcer Fissure Striae
Loss of epidermis following trauma (excoriations in eczema)
Well defined roughening of skin with accentuation of skin markings (chronic rubbing in eczema)
Flakes of stratum corneum (psoriasis)
Rough surface consisting of dried serum, blood, bacteria and cellular debris that has exuded through an eroded epidermis (from burst blister for example)
New fibrous tissue which occurs post-wound healing (keloids)
Loss of epidermis and dermis (heals with scarring)
An epidermal crack often due to excess dryness (eczema)
Linear areas which progress from purple to pink to white
Hair
Alopecia
Hirsutism
Hypertrichosis
Loss of hair
Androgen-dependent hair growth in females
Non-androgen dependent pattern of excessive hair growth
Nails
Clubbing
Koilonychia
Onycholysis
Pitting
Loss of angle between posterior nail fold and nail palate
Spoon-shaped depression of the nail plate
Separation of the distal end of the nail plate from nail bed
Punctate depression of the nail palate
