Increasing Water Supply - Examples Flashcards

1
Q

Describe the China water transfer

A

Planned to $62 billion project: tranfer 44.8 billion cubic metres of water every year from south to north

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2
Q

Describe 3 advantages of the China water transfer

A
  • Provides water in Beijing & Tianjin
  • Allows industry to develop = more wealth
  • Provides water for irrigating farmland = crops
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3
Q

Describe 4 disadvantages of China water transfer

A
  1. Large areas flooded = destroying habitats
      • Huge construction works = damage ecosystems
  2. Raising dam of Reservoir flooded productive farmland & forced 345,000 people to move
    1. Now have less land & poorly built housing
    2. Received little compensation & unemployed
  3. Water it supplies to Beijing = very expensive for consumers
    1. Supplies to urban areas
    2. Urban poor + rural areas have no acess
  4. Water stress in south will increases (a lot water diverted)
    1. During severe droughts = won’t be enough for drinking/irrigation for 30 million locals
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4
Q

Kenya is using ___ ___ to create a sustainable water supply

A

Sand Dams

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5
Q

Describe how Kenya has little water (3x)

A
  • Few heavy downpours per year
  • Rivers only flow during rainy season
  • During dry season = water evaporates
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6
Q

How are sand dams helped the Kenyan people?

A

Gives them acess to water all year round

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7
Q

Describe how sand dams work

A
  1. Low dam built across river
  2. During rainy season = when water flowing in river = course material trapped behind dam
  3. Water gets trapped between sand particles
  4. Sand prevents water from being evaporated in dry season
  5. When river stops flowing = water extracted by digging well, piping water through dam to tap or digging holes
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8
Q

Name 3 advantages of sand dams

A
  • Cheap to build
  • Use local materials
  • Don’t require much maintenance
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9
Q

What is the disadvantage of sand dams?

A

1/3 of what gets trapped behind dam = water

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10
Q

How are sand dams mantained?

A

Height of dam = raised each year to trap more sand & more water

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