Physiology of Satiety and Feeding

Question 1

How is energy usually stored

Answer 1

As fat

Question 2

How do you calculate BMI

Answer 2

Weight (kg) / Height (m)^2

Question 3

What are the BMI ranges

Answer 3

Up to 25 = thin/ healthy
25 - 29.9 = overweight
30 - 39.9 = obese
>40 = morbidly obese

Question 4

What factors are responsible for obesity

Answer 4

Genetics + Enviroment

Question 5

Name a survival adaptation

Answer 5

Adipose tissue

Question 6

Health concerns as a result of obesity

Answer 6

Stroke (hypertension)
Diabetes
Gout
Cancer - prostate, breasts, uterus and colon
NAFLD
Heart disease
Gallbladder disease
Respiratory disease- sleep apnoea

Question 7

Ventromedial hypothalamus is responsible for

Answer 7

obesity

Question 8

lateral hypothalamus is responsible for

Answer 8

leanness

Question 9

define adiposity

Answer 9

state of being obese

Question 10

satiation

Answer 10

feeling of fullness during a meal

Question 11

satiety

Answer 11

period of time between termination of one meal and initiation of next

Question 12

explain cholecystokinin

Answer 12

released from enteroendocrine cells in the duodenum and jejunum
released in proportion to lipids and proteins during a meal

Question 13

what hormones are released in response to eating

Answer 13

leptin from fat cells

insulin from pancreatic beta cells

Question 14

Explain the role of ghrelin

Answer 14

Released from oxyntic cells
During hypoglycaemia and fasting
Peripheral ghrelin –> decreases energy expenditure, decreases fat utilization, stimulates food intake

Question 15

what two satiation signals are released from oxyntic cells

Answer 15

peptide YY

Glucagon like peptide 1

Question 16

explain the role of Glucagon like peptide 1 Peptide YY

Answer 16

stops gastric emptying and decreases food intake