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Bacterial Diseases > Bacterial Secretion Systems > Flashcards

Bacterial Secretion Systems Flashcards

1
Q

How are virulence factors used to infect the host

A

many virulence factors have to be delivered directly into a host cell to potentiate the activity and cannot benefit the bacteria without a delivery mechanism

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2
Q

Is the delivery system of virulence factors more complex in gram - or gram + and why

A

gram - bacteria have a more complex delivery systems because of their envelope structure

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3
Q

What types of sec systems are used by gram - systems

A

sec dependent

type 2 and 5

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4
Q

What types are sec dependent systems

A

type 2 and 5

used by gram -

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5
Q

What types are sec independent

A

type 1, 3, 4, 6

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6
Q

How do Type II secretion systems work (T2SS)

A

secretes some A-B toxins such as in Cholera and ExoA

  1. uses the general secretory or twin arginine system to reach the periplasm
  2. they pass through the pore formed by twelve to fourteen proteins
  3. mechanism similar to pilin secretion
  4. cholera toxin is secreted by type II
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7
Q

What type of secretion system is used to release the cholera toxin

A

secretes cholera A-B toxin

also used for ExoA

Type II, which is sec-dependent

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8
Q

How do Type V secretion systems work (T5SS) what are some examples

A

referred to as the auto transporter system

IgA Protease

VacA

Pertactin: highly immunogenic virulence factor of Bordetella pertussis

sec dependent

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9
Q

What type of secretion system is used to release pertactin, VacA, or IgA proteases

A

type V

sec dependent

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10
Q

What secretion system is referred to as the auto transporter system

A

type V secretion system

sec dependent

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11
Q

How do Type I secretion systems work (T1SS) what are some examples

A

consists of three components

  1. inner membrane transporter
  2. periplasmic connector
  3. outer membrane pore

can export proteins up to 800 kDa

Efflux pumps

common in E. coli Hemolysin Hly

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12
Q

What secretion system are efflux pumps considered

A

considered type I

sec independent

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13
Q

What type of secretion system has three components including inner membrane transporter, periplasmic connector and an outer membrane pore

A

type I

sec independent

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14
Q

How do Type III secretion systems work (T3SS) what are some examples

A

consists of over 20 proteins

on contact it injects toxins into the host eukaryotic cell

similar structure to the flagella

present in many human, animal and plant pathogens

commonly encoded on MGEs: plasmids, pathogenicity islands

E. Coli 
Salmonella 
Shigella 
Yersinia 
Bordetella 
Pseudomonas 
Chlyamydia
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15
Q

What type of secretion systems are common in present in many human, animal and plant pathogens and that are commonly encoded on MGEs: plasmids, pathogenicity islands

A

type III

sec independent

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16
Q

What type of secretion system on contact injects toxins into the host eukaryotic cell

A

type III

sec independent

17
Q

What type of secretion system is similar in structure to the flagellum

A

type III

sec independent

18
Q

How do Type IV secretion systems work (T4SS) what are some examples

A

can inject proteins or DNA into a host cell

similar to horizontal gene transfer systems

sec independent

requires 12 protein complex

associated with MGES: plasmids and PAIs

VirD4: ATPase, just inner membrane

IMC: inner membrane complex of VirB3,4,6,7,8,11, just inner membrane

OMC: outer membrane complex of VirB7, 9, 10, outer and inner membrane

Pilus component: Vir B2 and B5 tip, through the outer and inner membrane

first discovered in agrobacterium tumefaciens

other pathogens include:

Helicobacter 
Legionella 
Coxiella 
Brucella 
Bartonella 
Rickettsia 
Bordetella
19
Q

What type of secretion system is similar to horizontal gene transfer

A

type IV secretion system

sec independent

20
Q

What type of secretion system was first discovered in agrobacterium tuefacienes

A

type IV secretion system

sec independent

21
Q

What type of secretion system is often associated with MGE also with plasmids and pathogenicity islands

A

Type IV

sec independent

22
Q

How do Type VI secretion systems work (T6SS) what are some examples

A

most recently discovered in gram - systems

appears to function similarly to the contraction of the phage sheath

useful for microbial competition, they use it to duel with one another

23
Q

What type of secretion system is often associated with appears to function similarly to the contraction of the phage sheath

A

type VI

sec independent

24
Q

What type of secretion system is often associated with microbial competition by dueling with one another

A

Type VI, sec independent

useful for microbial competition, they use it to duel with one another

25
Q

What secretion systems do gram + bacteria use

A

sec independent:
Type VII secretion system that is adapted for mycobacteria

sec dependent:
different arrangements of sec A-Sec YEG transporter

sortase system

accesstory sec system

cytolysin mediated translocation CMT q

Bacterial Diseases (8 decks)

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