Lecture 10

Question 1

Hemispheric specialization (word and pictures)

Answer 1

• Word processing better in LH than RH

- Picture processing better in RH than LF

Question 2

Dual coding theory

Answer 2

• Can represent code in verbal and visual images

- Type of code used will depend on nature of information, the task, and individual differences

Question 3

Mental imagery of concrete vs abstract words

Answer 3

• High imagry words (H) and low imagery words (L)
• Recall ability: (H + H) > (H + L) > (L + H) > (L + L)
• When we get pairs of items we compound the image (car in front of house)

Question 4

Mental imagery questionaires

Answer 4

• VVIQ: vividness of mental imagery
• QMI: Questionnaire of mental imagery
• TVIC: test of visual imagery control

Question 5

Memory performance between high and low imagers

Answer 5

• Concrete words are better imaged by high imagery people

- Abstract words had no difference between high and low imagery people

Question 6

Mental practice between high and low imagers

Answer 6

No difference between performance unless there was mental practice and no physical practice

Question 7

Mental practice between simple and complex tasks

Answer 7

• No difference between mental practice and no mental practice
• The person having high or low imagery does not matter

Question 8

Functional equivalence

Answer 8

• Images are abstract-analog representations of objects
• Not one-to-one representations
• Not tied to visual input
• Can similuate continuous change

Question 9

First-order isomorphism

Answer 9

• Objects are directly/structurally represented in brain

- Does not happen

Question 10

Second-order isomorphism

Answer 10

Relations between objects in cognitive system are the same as relations in the physical world

Question 11

Mental rotation study

Answer 11

• Mental rotation of 3D objects
• People shown first figure
• Indicate whether second image is the same or different
• Requires mental rotation
• Time to decide varies depending on how far the object needs to be rotated
• Provides evidence for non-verbal, imagery code

Question 12

Size of mental rotation

Answer 12

• In the realy world, the amount of detail we see positively correlates with the size of the image
• Same outcome for mental images

Question 13

Mental scanning

Answer 13

• Trained to image a map of an island
• Focus on one location
• Scan to a second location and indicate when there
• Scanning time increased as the distance increased
• Similar to visual perception