adolescence development and mental disorders Flashcards
state key developmental experiences in preparation for adulthood.
- physical maturation
- cognitive abilities
- moral reasoning
- identity formation
- coping strategies
describe neurobiological sensivity
- pruning of PFC from 11-13 years
- loss of up to 40% of neural branches
- limbic system responsible for control of emotions
- limbic system sensitive to hormonal fluctuations
imbalance of the LS and PFC means…
emotional centres of brain may exert stronger influence on behaviour.
name social challenges for adolescence.
- social norms and expectations
- desire for independence
- identity development vs role confusion
- increased academic demands, peer pressure, RTB
interactions between … and … in regulating social, cultural and biological changes of adolescence dev with a range of outcomes.
top-down executive function and bottom up impulsive and emotional processes.
how many adolescence in the world, and how many live in low-middle class countries?
1.2 billion aged 10-19 year olds, 90% live in LCIM.
true or false: only adolescence in vulnerable countries suffer from mental disorders
false - for your people growing up in poverty, residency in a high-income country may matter far less than intermediate social contexts.
give examples of prevalence of mental disorders.
anxiety - 6.5%
depressive - 2.6%
behavioural - 5.7%
any mental disorder - 13.4%
what is the onset age for ill mental health?
70% of mental disorders onset prior to 25 years.
what are interventions to poor mental health?
- address common stressors and stress reactions ‘tenision’
state implications for mental health interventions.
- high rates of chronicity and relapse
- 30% of an adolescence with emotional disorders remain symptomatic after three years, 60% show reoccurrence within 12 years.
- long-term and cost implications.
- longer duration of disorder increases risk of social maladjustment and poor health.
what has research prioritised?
mental health promotion and at risk samples in conflict-affected areas.
describe new directions for research.
- more evidence-based psychological interventions in high-income countries.
- elements approach
- transdiagnostic approaches
define the developmental uniformity myth.
- interventions for adolescence develop through downward adaption of adult interventions and upward adaption of child interventions.
- rests on a number of assumptions about generalisably f outcomes and corresponding theories of change.
is parent involvement needed?
- study found parent involvement was not associated with differential effectiveness.
