1.8 Lower Paleolithic

Question 1

Tool tech of Lower palaeolithic?
Area around world they were found?
Where in India?

Answer 1

Oldwon, Acheulian technology
Asia, Africa, Europe
Sohan Valley (Pak)

Question 2

Why is Sohan valley so important?

Answer 2

No sequence of lower paleolithic were found in India except Sohan Valley.

Question 3

Types of lower paleolithic tech in India? example? where?

Answer 3

Sohan tradition: Pebble tools (Chopper, chopping tool tech); Gangetic plain.
Acheulian Tool Technologies: Bifacial or handaxe tradition; Peninsular India.

Question 4

Father of Indian Prehistory

What did he say Bout India and prehistory?

Answer 4

Robert Bruce Foote

Said India has rich lower paleolithic record

Question 5

Paleontologist who blvd Sohan and Acheulian Tool Technologies of lower paleolithic are:

1. Independent?
2. Connected? Where?

Answer 5

De Tera and T T Paterson:Suggested 2 independent type of lower palaeolithic culture i India.
Krishna Swami & Saudara Rajan: @ culture must’ve met in Singrauli Basin of MP.

Question 6

4 stage of sohan valley

Answer 6

Pre
Early
Late(will study Later)
Evolve(will study Later)

Question 7

Pre-Sohan Valley Techniques?
tool material? How was it made?
Who talked about the Places and where is it found, and what did he say them living together?
Technique used for dating and how is older?

Answer 7

Pebble stone, oldowan
Stone of quazite, no impression of being man-made
Mahapatra: Subhimalayan Track, UP, Punjab, MP
Hosiyarpur and Chandigarh Sector ofShivalik hills and agrued both Achulean and Sohan inhabitated 2 different type of env:
a. Achulean: Occupying different plain suface of shivaliks-
b. Sohan: Living in valley, duns of Him. hilly region and water worn cobble were found.

Paleomagnatic techniques dating sohan to Mindel-Riss Interglacial Stage and Acheulian can’t be younger than that. As acheulian dated only 1.7Mn YO but Sohan is even older.

Question 8

Early Sohan Valley, tech mode?

Answer 8

Mode 1 technology & relating to Lower paleolithic industry.

Question 9

Largest concentration is found of which culture?

Answer 9

Acheulean Technology in Peninsular India by Robert Bruce Foote

Question 10

Acheulean culture, Who talked of distribution? Book? What he discussed in it?
Where Acheuleans are not found and why?
Distribution of Acheulean culture

Answer 10

R. S. Pappu “Acheulean culture in Peninsular India” discussed an ecological prospect why they didn’t exist
Entire country except:
1. Indo-gangetic plain: May be got burried, swept, lack of raw material.
2. NE India: heavy rain.
3. Western Ghats: Dense forest.

Found in:
Nevada, Lalitpur (UP)
Hunsgi, Baichbal (KN)
Attirampakkam (TN)

Good ecological adaptation could’ve been possible coz of tool tech.

Question 11

5 types of acheulean culture?

By?

Answer 11

R. S. Pappu

1. Alluvian
2. Coastal
3. Slope
4. Surface of falling in open air
5. Cave site and rock shelter.

Question 12

How can we say that lower paleolithic is not very appropriate?

Answer 12

Mahapatra: Identified 22 site and 122 artificates dating to Post-Soanian period and distribution reflect ecological adaptation.
Chauhan: Archeological objects were found in Shivalik region were dated to middle and late acheulean
Cornivus: Satpati handaxe site, didn’t belong to late Acheulean but to later Middle Pleistocene.

Based on last 2 we can say lower paleolithic is not very appropiate and most tools from shivaliks are acheuleans.

Question 13

Problem wih Soanian valley dating?

Answer 13

British archeology showed Soanvalley Artifacts were erosion feature rather deposition feature. Hence it is difficult to date them.