Task 8 Flashcards
According to which theory does dreaming result from the physiology of REM sleep?
Activation Synthesis Hypothesis
What physiological characteristics does REM sleep have?
High frequency, low amplitude EEG
increased heart rate
respiratory activity
temporary muscle paralysis
What kind of cortical areas are highly active during REM sleep?
- higher-order visual areas
- motor regions, thalamus, emotional centers, memory areas -> Default mode network
How can lucid dreaming be defined?
Awareness of states of consciousness during dreaming
In what way is dreaming similar to a psychosis?
- Positive Symptoms of Schizophrenia Occur
- Acceptance of cognitive bizarreness
- Blunted distinction between 1st and 3rd person perspectives
What kind of features indicate the presence of secondary consciousness during lucid dreaming?
- self-reflection
- abstract thinking
- metacognition
- Agentive control
Why are studies investigating neural correlates of dreaming often speculative?
Neural activity is recorded during sleep and then used to speculate when the subject was dreaming and not the other way round.
What question highlights the difficulty of defining altered conscious states?
How can one be sure that subjective experiences are comparable?
What are three major variables, that differ between altered states of consciousness?
Attention, Memory, Arousal
Why is the notion that mental disorders might be ASCs not agreed upon?
ASCs are temporary, disorders like schizophrenia however are rather permanent.
Laurey’s Dimensions of Consciousness are…?
Arousal, Awareness
What does the AIM Mode stand for?
Activation Energy (Similar to arousal), Input Source, Mode (ration of amines vs cholines)
Explain Hobson’s mode
It is the ratio of amines to cholines in the brain. Wakefulness is associated with more amines
What is the logic behind the C-space?
It is a map of conscious states that is attempted to be mapped onto the B-space (functional brain states)
