Cross-Cultural Issues - Terms and Concepts

Question 1

According to Donald Sue, people who believe they are in control of their own outcomes and are responsible for their own successes and failures have an _____ locus of control and _____ locus of responsibility.

Answer 1

Internal; internal

Question 2

According to Donald Sue, people who believe they could determine their own successes if others would stop preventing them have an _____ locus of control and _____ locus of responsibility.

Answer 2

Internal; external

Question 3

According to Donald Sue, people who believe they have no control over their own outcomes and others prevent them from succeeding have an _____ locus of control and _____ locus of responsibility.

Answer 3

External, external

Question 4

According to Donald Sue, people who believe they have no control over their own outcomes and they’re still responsible for their failures have an _____ locus of control and _____ locus of responsibility.

Answer 4

External; internal

Question 5

According to Berry’s model of acculturation, _____ is a strategy when someone retains their own culture and adopts the majority culture.

Answer 5

Integration

Question 6

According to Berry’s model of acculturation, _____ is a strategy when a person reject their own culture and adopt the majority culture.

Answer 6

Assimilation

Question 7

According to Berry’s model of acculturation, _____ is a strategy when a person retains their culture and rejects the majority culture.

Answer 7

Separation

Question 8

According to Berry’s model of acculturation, _____ is a strategy when a person reject both their own and the majority culture

Answer 8

Marginalization

Question 9

According to Ridley, _____ paranoia is a pervasive distrust and suspicion of others, while _____ paranoia is a normal reaction to prejudice and discrimination.

Answer 9

Functional; healthy cultural

Question 10

According to Sue, _____ is a type of racial microaggression which are overtly meant to hurt an individual.

Answer 10

Microassaults (name calling and discriminatory acts)

e.g. Driving by a black person and dropping some N bombs.

Question 11

According to Sue, _____ is a type of racial microaggression which are verbal and nonverbal messages which are insensitive or demeaning.

Answer 11

Microinsults

e.g., Saying that someone only got hired because of their skin tone.

Question 12

According to Sue, _____ is a type of racial microaggression which exclude or otherwise nullify the thoughts and experiences of someone.

Answer 12

Microinvalidations

e.g., Complimenting an Asian US native on how good their English is.

Question 13

Psychologists who believe that behavior is affected by culture has an _____ perspective, and those who believe behavior is similar across cultures have an _____ perspective.

Answer 13

Emic; etic

Question 14

_____ interventions focus on making changes in the client, while _____ interventions focus on altering or changing the environment to meet the client’s needs.

Answer 14

Autoplastic, alloplastic

Question 15

Wrenn coined this term to explain the inability of some mental health professionals to work effectively with those of other cultures.

Answer 15

Cultural encapsulation

Question 16

If a mental health professional assumes that all of a client’s mental health problems are due to some sort of marginalized characteristic (e.g., a client has an ID diagnosis or is gay) without considering other factors, this is termed:

Answer 16

Diagnostic overshadowing

Question 17

According to Meyer, minority stress theory holds that sexual minority (and other marginalized) individuals are at increased risk for mental health diagnoses due to the chronic stressors they face and distinguishes between _____ processes and _____ processes.

Answer 17

Proximal (within person - e.g., fear of rejection)

Distal (outside them - e.g., physical assault or harassment)

Question 18

According to Sue and Zane, when working with Asian and non-Western clients, the client’s perception of the therapist as trustworthy due to the therapist’s achieved and ascribed status. This is called:

Answer 18

Credibility

Question 19

According to Sue and Zane, when working with Asian and non-Western clients, the direct benefits that a client perceives as coming from therapy (e.g., reassurances, normalizing, or hope) are important and should be given as soon as possible to establish credibility. This is called:

Answer 19

Gift giving

Question 20

The systematic modification of an evidence-based treatment or intervention protocol to consider language, culture, or context in such a way as to be compatible with the client’s cultural values is called:

Answer 20

Culturally adapted interventions

Question 21

Hall (1976) classified _____ as high- or low-context.

Answer 21

Communication