CH. 11 Organic Compounds

Question 1

Organic molecules have two parts:

Answer 1

1. carbon backbone (that’s relatively inert)

2. one (or more) functional group(s)

Question 2

A functional group is a set of atoms bonded together in a

Answer 2

specific way

Question 3

functional groups largely define the ____ and ____ properties of the compound

Answer 3

chemical and pysical

Question 4

Amines: derivatives of:

Answer 4

NH3

Question 5

Amines: formula

Answer 5

NR3

Question 6

Amines:

only one of two of the R group may be

Answer 6

Hydrogen

Question 7

All amines have a lone pair of electrons on the :

Answer 7

Nitrogen

Question 8

example of amine

Answer 8

amino acids

Question 9

Alcohols: formula

Answer 9

ROH

Question 10

Alcohols:

OH group is highly ____ and form ____ bonds w/other ____ molecules.

Answer 10

polar
hydrogen
polar

Question 11

Alcohols:

Due to polar structure, alcohols dissolve many other

Answer 11

polar molecules

Question 12

Phenols: formula

Answer 12

ROH (similar to alcohol)

Question 13

Phenols: R is

Answer 13

aryl group (benzene)

Question 14

simple phenols are polar d/t

Answer 14

hydroxyl group

Question 15

An example of a complex phenol

Answer 15

propofol

Question 16

complex phenols are not soluble in

Answer 16

water

Question 17

Ether: formula

Answer 17

ROR

Question 18

Ether are inert; do no react with

Answer 18

oxidizing or reducing agents

Question 19

Ether are highly

Answer 19

flammable

Question 20

example of an Ether:

Answer 20

Diethyl ether

Question 21

Carbonyl group: Formula

Answer 21

C=O

Question 22

Carbonyl group is a _____ compound

Answer 22

polar

Question 23

Carbonyl group is a key component of what functional groups?

Answer 23

• Aldehyde (RCHO)
• Amides (RCONH2, RCONHR, or RCONR2)
• Carboxylic acid (RCOOH)
• Esters (RCOOR)
• Ketones (RCOR)

Question 24

Aldehydes functional group:

Answer 24

terminal carbonyl

Question 25

Aldehydes formula:

Answer 25

RCHO

Question 26

Aldehydes example:

Answer 26

ethanal acetaldehyde

Question 27

Ketones formula:

Answer 27

RCOR

Question 28

Ketones example:

Answer 28

propanone acteone

Question 29

Carboxylic acids functional group:

Answer 29

carboxyl carbonyl + hydroxyl

Question 30

Carboxylic acids formula:

Answer 30

RCOOH

Question 31

Carboxylic acids example:

Answer 31

ethanoic acid, acetic acid

Question 32

ester formula:

Answer 32

RCOOR

Question 33

Esters are condensation products b/w

Answer 33

carboyxylic acids and ALCHOHOLS

Question 34

example of esters

Answer 34

pentyl acetate (odor of banana)

Question 35

Amides example

Answer 35

a small protein