L16. Skin and Mucous Membranes

Question 1

Name the 3 layers found in skin

Answer 1

1. Epidermis
2. Dermis
3. Subcutaneous layer

Question 2

Discuss a feature of the epidermis in skin.

Answer 2

Stratified squamous epithelium with no blood vessels.

Question 3

Name the 5 stratum layers in skin.

Answer 3

1. Stratum corneum
2. Stratum lucidum
3. Stratum granulosum
4. Stratum spinosum
5. Stratum basale
   (Can Lucy’s Gran’s SKIN Bend?)

Question 4

What is present in the stratum corneum?

Answer 4

Keratinised dead cells and these are shed regularly.

Question 5

In which cases is the stratum lucidum present?

Answer 5

Only in thick skin, eg hands and feet as a thin layer of dead cells.

Question 6

What is present in the stratum granulosum?

Answer 6

waterproof cell layer with keratinocytes.

Question 7

What is present in the stratum spinosum?

Answer 7

Keratinocytes

Question 8

What is present in the stratum basale?

Answer 8

Sensory receptors and melanocytes.

Question 9

Name the 2 layers found in the dermis.

Answer 9

Papillary layer

Reticular layer

Question 10

What is present in the dermis’ papillary layer?

Answer 10

Capillaries and nerve endings

Question 11

What is present in the dermis’ reticular layer?

Answer 11

Dense connective tissue

Question 12

Describe the dermis layer in skin.

Answer 12

A thick layer forming “true skin” with blood capillaries and nerve endings, collagen and elastic fibres.

Question 13

What causes acne?

Answer 13

Bacteria build-up under the skin

Question 14

What does psoriasis show as on skin?

Answer 14

Inflamed and flaking skin

Question 15

What causes pemphigus?

Answer 15

Healthy skin being attacked, forming watery blisters

Question 16

What causes vitiligo?

Answer 16

Destruction of melanocytes causing white patches on the skin

Question 17

What are the 2 types of skin cancer? What causes them?

Answer 17

Squamous cell
Basal call
Keratinocytes grow out of control

Question 18

Name the 3 layers in a mucous membrane.

Answer 18

Epithelium
Basement membrane
lamina propria

Question 19

Which kind of epithelium lines the oral mucosa?

Answer 19

Stratified squamous

Question 20

What are rete ridges?

Answer 20

Epithelial extensions that project into the underlying connective tissue

Question 21

Describe the 2 classifications of medical conditions

Answer 21

Acquired

Congenital (present at birth)

Question 22

What is lichen planus and which areas does it affect?

Answer 22

Affects skin and mucous membranes

Causes itchy, non-infectious inflamed rash on the arms and legs

Question 23

What does cystic fibrosis affect?

Answer 23

Respiratory, gastro-intestinal epithelial linings and salivary glands causing viscous secretions