Microbiota & Biofilms

Question 1

What are bacteria characteristics?

Answer 1

Cell wall-Peptidoglycan
Glycocalyx
Capsule
Flagella
Fimbria
Virulence factors

Question 2

What are products produced by bacteria?

Answer 2

Extotoxins

Enzymes

Question 3

What are the stages of Biofilm formation?

Answer 3

Acquired pellical formation
Association/Adhesion
Coaggrigation/multiplication
Microcolony formation-bridge
Maturation/dispersal

Question 4

What is the slim layer?

Answer 4

Extacelluar polysaccharide EPS

Question 5

What do Extotoxins do?

Answer 5

Damage host immune cells

Question 6

What do Enzymes do?

Answer 6

Damage host proteins acquisition of nutrients

Question 7

What is the order of the Biofilm?

Answer 7

Form a Pellical Layer
Association & Adhesion
Co-aggregation & Multiplication
Micro-colony formation BRIDGE
Maturation & Dispersal

Question 8

What is a Pellical layer? What happens?

Answer 8

It’s a film coating
After brushing the film is back with is seconds, makes the surface charges and sticky
Gram+ Plankton
NPath

Question 9

What is Association & Adhesion? What happens?

Answer 9

Bacteria starts to associate, bonding of single organisms start within minutes-hours
Gram+ streptococci family, A.viscosus
NPath
Socrankys colour: Yellow/green blue

Question 10

What is Co-aggregation & Multiplication? What happens?

Answer 10

Same species join (aggregation) then different species join (co aggregation) a slim layer feeds bacteria (extracellular polysaccharide matrix) grow in numbers, change into pathogenic Plaque-Hours
Gram+ Actinomyces, Actinomyces odontolyticus (anaerobic)
Gram- Veillonella parvula (anaerobic)
PATH
Socrankys colour: Purple/blue

Question 11

What is Micro-colony formation? What happens?

Answer 11

Organisms exchange gens to permit growth of certain types of sub populations, communicate with each other to get into the PLD. Fluid channels feed the bacteria Organisms from a bridge, allows attachment of late colonisers. Plaque-days
Gram- Fusobacterium necrophorum, Prevotella intermedia, Treponema denticola (anaerobic)
Highly PATH
Socrankys colour: Orange

Question 12

What is Maturation & Dispersal? What happens?

Answer 12

Periodontal pathogens are ready to break off and find another area to attack, it grows out and away from the tooth surface like a mushroom GCF feeds anaerobs Plaque-7-14days
Gram- Treponema denticola, Porphyromonas gingivalis all types (anaerobic)
Gram+ Actinomyces israelii (anaerobic)
Socrankys colour: Red (all colours)