RENAL (REVIEW TEST)

Question 1

Secretion of K by the distal tubule will be decreased by _______-

Answer 1

Spironolactone administration

Question 2

Jared and adam both weigh 70 kg. Jared Drinks 2 L of distilled water, and adam drinks 2L of isotonic NaCl. As a result of these, Adam will have

Answer 2

High urine Osmolarity

Question 3

A 45 year old woman develops severe diarrhea while on vacation. She has the folllowing arterial blood values

pH= 7.25

PCO2 = 24

HCO3 = 10

Venous blood samples show decreased blood K adn normal anion gap

the correct diagnosis is ______

Answer 3

Metabolic acidosis

Question 4

A 45 year old woman develops severe diarrhea while on vacation. She has the folllowing arterial blood values

pH= 7.25

PCO2 = 24

HCO3 = 10

Venous blood samples show decreased blood K adn normal anion gap

Answer 4

Patients low potassium is a result of increased circulatin levels of aldosterone

Question 5

Glomerular capillary pressure = 47mmHg

Bowman space hydrostatic pressure = 10 mmHg

Bowman space oncotic pressure = 0 mmHg

At what value of glomerular capilalry oncotic pressure would glomerular filtration stop?

Answer 5

37 mmHg

Question 6

The reabsorption of filtered HCO3

Answer 6

inhibited by decrease in arterial PCO2

Question 7

Answer 7

There is net reabsorption of X

Question 8

To maintain normal H balance, total daily escretion of H should equal the daily

Answer 8

Fixed acid production plus fixed acid ingestion

Question 9

One gram of mannitol was injected into a woman, after equilibration,a plasmasample had a mannitol concentration of 0.08 g/L. During thr equilibratio period, 20% of the injected mannitol was excreted in the urine. The woman’s

Answer 9

ECF volume is 1

Question 10

a 58 year old man is given a glucose tolerance test. In the test, the plasma glucose concentration is increased and glucose reabsorption and excretion are emasured. When the plasma glucose concentration is higher than occures at transport maximum the __________

Answer 10

Excretion rate of glucose increases with increasing plasma glucose

Question 11

A negative free water clearance will occur in a person who

Answer 11

Has an oat cell carcinoma of the lung and excretes urine with an osmolarity of 1000 mOsm/L

Question 12

A buffer pair has a pK of 5.4. At a blood pH of 7.4 the concentration of HA is

Answer 12

1/100 that of A

Question 13

Answer 13

Increased filtration fraction

Question 14

The following substance could be used to measure intestital fluid volume

Answer 14

Inulin and radiactive albumin

Question 15

At plasma PAG concentrations below the transport maximum, PAH

Answer 15

Concentration in the renal vein is close to zero

Question 16

Compared with a person who ingests 2 L of distilled water, a person with water deprivation will have a

Answer 16

Higher rate of water reabsorption in the collecting ducts

Question 17

Which of the following would cause an increase in bothe glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and renal plasma flow

Answer 17

Dilation of the afferent arteriole

Question 18

Answer 18

He has decreaed ionized calcium in blood

Question 19

Answer 19

Plasma Osmolarity

Question 20

Answer 20

Treatment with chlorothiazide

Question 21

Answer 21

Exchange of Intreacellular H for Extacellular K

Question 22

Answer 22

water deprivation

Question 23

Answer 23

1091 ml/min

Cpah = Upah x V/Ppah = 600 ml /min

RBF = RPF/1-hematocrit

Question 24

Answer 24

PAH

(Filtered and secreted)

Question 25

Answer 25

Decreased plasma osmolarity

Exercise

Question 26

Answer 26

Hyperaldosteronism

Question 27

Answer 27

Stimuation of adenylate cyclase

Conn syndrome (primary hyperaldosteronism)

Question 28

Answer 28

30 : D

31: B

Question 29

Which set of arterial blood values describes a patient with chronuc renal failure (earting a normal protein diet) and decreased urinary excretion of NH4

Answer 29

E

Question 30

Answer 30

33 E

34 A

Question 31

• 35. Amount of K in tubular fluid exceed the abount of filtered K on a person with High K diet
• 36. TF/P osmolarity lowest in a person who has been deprived of water
• 37. Tubular fluid inulin concentraion highest during antidiuresis
• 38. Tubular fluid inulin concentration lowest
• 39. Tubular fluid glucose concnetration highest

Answer 31

35. E (DCT and colelcting ducts)
36. D (thick acending Limb, NaCl reabsorbed not water)
37. E
38. A

39 A

Question 32

• 40 : Describes inulin profile along thenephron
• 41: Alanine profile
• 42: PAH profile

Answer 32

40: C
41: A
42: D

Question 33

Answer 33

Alkalinization, which converts salicyclic acid to its A form