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DM + Cancer > Cancer > Flashcards

Cancer Flashcards

1
Q

What is Cancer?

A

A complex group of 100 diseases affecting a wide range of tissues

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2
Q

What is cancer caused by?

A

Mutations in gene’s, controlling cell growth after exposure to carcinogens

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3
Q

What type of cells are cancer cells

A

Somatic

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4
Q

What percentage of mutations are inherited?

A

1% - but extra somatic cells are required

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5
Q

What is cancer characterised by?

A
  • loss of cell growth

- metastatis and invasion of other tissues

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6
Q

Cancer differs in:

A

Origin of tissue
Casual factors
Molecular mechanisms

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7
Q

Incidence

A

Cancer effects 1 in 3 people

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8
Q

How many people die from cancer

A

Roughly half diagnosed

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9
Q

5 common cancers in NZ

A

Lung, Breast, Colon, melanoma, Prostate & Cervical

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10
Q

What is loss of growth

A

Proliferate

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11
Q

What is a new growth

A

Neoplasia

(Neo) means new

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12
Q

When is a tumour benign?

A

Tumour is benign if the neoplastic cells are clustered in a single mass

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13
Q

What is apoptosis

A

Programmed cell death

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14
Q

What do benign tumours look like under a microscope?

A

Well differentiated, and look like normal

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15
Q

Function of Benign Tumour

A

May cause normal function of the tissue

- however could over secrete hormones

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16
Q

Benign Tumour growth

A

Relatively slow

17
Q

Size of Benign Tumour

A

A few mm, due to lack of blood supply and loss of nutrients it doesn’t grow much bigger

18
Q

Can benign tumours damage other tissue?

A

Can damage nearby organs, nerve or blood vessels by compressing

19
Q

What do malignant tumours look like under a microscope

A

Less differentiated, and do not look like normal cells

20
Q

Function of Malignant Tumours

A

Do not perform normal function of tissue

- May secrete new molecules

21
Q

Malignant cell growth

A

Rapidly, since they have lost the ability of proliferation and apoptosis

DM + Cancer (7 decks)

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