Cranial Nerves

Question 1

CN 1:

Name?
Function?
How is enters skull?
What could trauma cause?

Answer 1

Olfactory nerve

Sense of smell

Through cribriform palate - ethmoid bone

Anosmia - the inability to smell

Question 2

CN 2:

Name?
Function?

Answer 2

Optic nerve

Vision

Question 3

CN 3:

Name?
Function?

Answer 3

Oculomotor nerve

Motor to extra-ocular eye muscles

Question 4

CN 4:

Name?
Function?

Answer 4

Trochlear nerve

Superior oblique muscle - LR6(SO4)

Question 5

CN 5:

Name?
Where does it originate?
Function? - 2

Answer 5

Trigeminal nerve

Pons

Sensation of face
Muscles of mastication

Question 6

CN 6:

Name?
Function?

Answer 6

Abducent nerve

Lateral rectus muscle - (LR6)SO4

Question 7

CN 7:

Name?
Function? - 3

Answer 7

Facial nerve

Muscles of facial expression
Parasympathetic - submandibular and sublingual glands
Taste form anterior 2/3 of tongue

Question 8

CN 8:

Name?
Function?

Answer 8

Vestibulocochlear:

Hearing

Question 9

CN 9:

Name?

Functions:

• Sensory
• Special sensory
• Parasympathetic
• Motor

Answer 9

Glossopharyngeal

Sensory: Innervates the oropharynx, carotid body and sinus, posterior 1/3 of the tongue, middle ear cavity and Eustachian tube.

Special Sensory: Provides taste sensation to the posterior 1/3 of the tongue.

Parasympathetic: Provides parasympathetic innervation to the parotid gland.

Motor: Innervates the stylopharyngeus muscle of the pharynx - for swallowing

Question 10

CN 10:

Name?

Functions:

• Motor
• Sensory
• Special sensory
• Parasympathetic

Answer 10

Vagus nerve

Motor: Innervates the muscles of facial expression, the posterior belly of the digastric, the stylohyoid and the stapedius muscles - speech

Sensory: A small area around the concha of the auricle.

Special Sensory: Provides special taste sensation to the anterior 2/3 of the tongue.

Parasympathetic: Supplies many of the glands of the head and neck, including:

• Submandibular and sublingual salivary glands.
• Nasal, palatine and pharyngeal mucous glands.
• Lacrimal glands.

Question 11

CN 11:

Name?

Function? - 2

How may it be damaged?

Answer 11

Moving head (moving head side to side) and shoulders (shrugging)

Surgery especially in the posterior triangle of neck

Question 12

CN 12:

Name?

Function?

What happens if there is the damage?

Answer 12

Hypoglossal nerve

Extrinsic and intrinsic muscles of the tongue.

Sticking tongue out and deviates to the affected side.

Question 13

Define:

Dysarthria
Dysphonia

What nerves are involved with these two? - 2

How would damage to these 2 nerves show in oral cavity?

Answer 13

Poor articulation of phonemes (e.g. ttt, kkk)

Difficulty speaking

CN 9 and 10

Uvula deviates away from the side of complete paresis