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DOH100 Clinical practice and theory > W4 Legislation, comp > Flashcards

W4 Legislation, comp Flashcards

1
Q

Define AHPRA & what does it do?

A

Australian Health Practitioners Regulation Agency - Responsible for implementing the National Registration and Accreditation Scheme in Aus. Inc Dental Board

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2
Q

What is AHPRA’s role?

A

Management of registration for health practitioners and complaints process

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3
Q

Who is the Dental Board of Australia?

A

It was established under national law and regulates practitioners in Aus by APHRA

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4
Q

What is the Dental Boards function?

A

Set registration standards, develops codes and guidelines for the profession, accreditation

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5
Q

How many hours and what period are we required to dedicate to CPD?

A

A minimum of 60 hours of CPD activities over 3 years

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6
Q

What is Professional Indemnity Insurance Registration Standard

A

Applies to all practitioners (not students). Must include civil liability cover, retroactive cover where necessary, and reinstatement

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7
Q

What is Professional Indemnity Insurance Registration Standard

A

Applies to all practitioners (not students). Must include civil liability cover, retroactive cover where necessary, and reinstatement

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8
Q

Define Dentist scope of practice

A

Dentistry involves assessing, preventing, diagnosing,
advising on, and treating any injuries, diseases,
deficiencies, deformities or lesions on or of the human
teeth, mouth or jaws or associated structures. It
includes restricted dental acts (see section 121 of the
National Law)

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9
Q

Define OHT scope of practice

A 
Focus: oral health, with
qualifications in dental therapy and
dental hygiene.
Services: assessment, diagnosis,
treatment, management,
prevention.
May include: restorative treatment,
fillings, tooth removal, periodontal
treatment, other oral care to
promote healthy oral behaviours.
Patients: age of 26
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10
Q

What is composite?

A
  1. Organic - Bis-MA, UDMA, TEGMA
  2. Inorganic filler: glass, silica, Glass, zinc, zirconium
  3. Coupling agent: to bind fillers to the matrix
  4. Accelorators/initators: LC or SC
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11
Q

What times of classifications are there for composite?

A

Heterogeneous (irrgeular)
Hemogenous
Hybrid

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12
Q

Name 3 advances in composite

A
  1. Nanotechnology
  2. Intro to reduce 3.shrinkage
  3. Particles that release F-
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13
Q

Name 3 clinical advantages of composite

A
  1. Aesthetic
  2. Handling
  3. Suitable for minimal adhesion denistry
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14
Q

Name 3 clinical disadvantages of composite

A
  1. Not resistant to plaque formation
  2. Polymerisation shrinkage
  3. Not to be used in high occlusion load
  4. Technique sensitive
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15
Q

Describe flowable resin

A

Viscous
Low compressive strength
High polymerization shrinkage
Not recommended for stress resto

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16
Q

How do you reduce polymerisation shrinkage?

A
  1. Incremental placement
  2. Using a base such as GIC
  3. Using a strong bond
  4. Light curing - to prevent marginal leakage
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17
Q

What direction will polymerisation shrink?

A

Towards the direction of the light source

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18
Q

What can vary the bonding/adhesive system?

A
  1. Wettability of the substrate (resin tags)
  2. Viscosity of the adhesive
  3. Morphology and roughness of substrate
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19
Q

Chemically describe enamel adhesive system

A

Etching removes plaque, creates microporsities, increased wettability
Any contact with other liquid reduces wettability

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20
Q

Chemically describe dentin adhesive system

A

Remove smear layer
Don’t over dry
Use primer
Bonding is through hybridisation

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21
Q

What is the fucntion of etchant/conditioner?

A

FUcntion to create a clean surface for bonding, remove smear layer to enable primer to form a hybrid layer

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22
Q

What is the function of primer

A

Promote adhesion to dentine, coupling afent between hydrophillic dentine and hydrophobic resin

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23
Q

What is the function of bpnd?

A

Provide better curing and seal dentinal tubules, helps resist shrinkage

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24
Q

What generation is gold standard?

A

4th three step, completely removes smear layer - indicated when retention is poor

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25
Q

What generation self etch

A

6th, 7th & 8th, only partially removes smear layer

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26
Q

Can you etch enamel and dentin together?

A

No, enamel requires a strong etch for a longer period.

Dentin requires a weaker, shorter conditioning (avoid harming collagen fibers)

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27
Q

What do we chart?

A

Soft tissue exam finding, extra/intra oral
Hard tissue
BOP, recession, mobility, furcation, PD, plaque, calculus

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28
Q

What is the general obligation for making a mandatory notification?

A

Sexual misconduct, alcohol or drug which directly impairs persons capacity to work

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29
Q

What is a reasonable belief?

A

You need direct knowledge, not just suspicion of the incident or behaviour

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30
Q

What is considered an impairment?

A

A physical or mental impairment, disability, condition or disorder that detrimentally affects persons capacity to practice the profession

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31
Q

What are the key aspects of the Code of Conduct?

A
  1. Providing good care
  2. Wokring with pts/other practitioners within the HC system
  3. Minimizing risk
  4. Maintaining professional performance CPD
  5. Professional behavior
  6. Ensuring practitioner health
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32
Q

How do you provide good care?

A

Working within scope of practice, maintaining adequate knowledge CPD

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33
Q

What is the chemistry of GIC?

A

Make out of a powder (reactive glass) and liquid(poly-alkeonic ) water. Acid/base reaction to form water based cement

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34
Q

What is a resin-modified glass-ionomer cement?

A

Inclusion of small quanity of additional resin-mostly HEMA - as well as photoinitatiors and other reactive chemicals

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35
Q

What are Compomers?

A

Polyacid-modified composite resins, which is able to release fluoride

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36
Q

What is the water balance for GIC?

A

Water in: immediately critical for autocure cement
Water out: critical for 6 months
Water in is less critical for resin-modified cements
Water out: is critical for two weeks

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37
Q

How we do protect our GIC after placement?

A

Use of vaseline, G coat or cocobutter, they give resistance to water uptake and loss

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38
Q

How does GIC bond?

A

Ionic exchange - may only occur in the presence of water (hydrophillic)

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39
Q

What is the smear layer?

A

Something the practitioners makes while prepping, enamel dentin, bacteria. Never etch the tooth because it will reduce potential ion exchange

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40
Q

What is the placement of GIC?

A
  • Prepare cavity
  • Apply 10% polyacrylic acid, wash for 20 sec
  • Wash/air for 10
  • Lightly dry, don’t desiccate (dehydrate)
  • Syringe GI in immediately
41
Q

What are the advantages of GIC?

A

Biocompatability
Resistant to plaque
F- Release
Ease of handling

42
Q

What are the disadvantages of GIC?

A

Short working time and long setting time
Cracking on desiccation
Poor resistance on acid attack,

43
Q

What are the indication for GIC?

A 
Restorative material
Temp
rest
Liner/base
Cemet
44
Q

What is the function of liners and bases?

A
  1. Seals dentinal tubules
  2. Reduces microleakage
  3. Enhance retention
  4. Reduce thermal shock
45
Q

Define pathogensis

A

Sequence of events that occur during the development of disease

46
Q

Define periodontology

A

Deals with the events that occur during perio

47
Q

Define periodontal disease

A

Is a bacterial infection of the periodontium, there are 2 types:
Gingivitis
Periodontist

48
Q

What is Gingivitis?

A

Inflammation of gingiva, swelling, redness, bleeding, plaque, calculus, pain, pseudopockets, halitosis

49
Q

What are the types of gingivitis?

A

Acute gingivitis, Chronic Gingivitis

50
Q

Describe gingivitis

A

The coronal portion of the JE detaches from the tooth resulting in a slight increase in probing depth, there is no apical migration of the JE. REVERSABLE

51
Q

What are the 2 classifications of gingivitis?

A

Dental biofilm-induced

non-dental biofilm induced

52
Q

Define periodontitis

A

A bacterial infection of all parts of the periodontium, including gingiva, PL, bone, cementum
IRREVERSIBLE

53
Q

What are the features of periodontitis?

A

Apical migration of the JE bone loss, connective tissue loss

54
Q

What types of alveolar bone loss are evident?

A

Horizontal bone loss

Verticle bone loss

55
Q

What is furcation involvment

A

Occurs when there is bone loss at the furcation of the tooth. Can measure with a nabers probe

56
Q

What is CAL?

A

Clinical Attachment Loss

57
Q

What does increasing depth of sulcus result in?

A

Apical migration of JE
Periodontal ligament destruction
Alveolar bone destruction

58
Q

What are the types of peridontal boneloss?

A
  1. Suprabony - horizontal bone loss

2. Infrabony - verticle bone loss

59
Q

Describe the disease sights

A

Active - continued progression of disease over time.

Inactive - progression has halted

60
Q

What are the classifications of periodontitis?

A
  1. Necrotitising periodontal disease
  2. Periodontitis
  3. Periodontitis as a result of systemic disease
61
Q

What influences homeostasis in the Oral cavity?

A
  1. Reduction in pH
  2. Demineralisation
  3. Saliva
  4. Remineralisation
62
Q

What is the Stephan curve?

A

The response to changes plaque pH, (7)

63
Q

What acid does bacteria produce?

A

Lactid acid = Pyruvic acid

64
Q

What is the critical pH?

A

5.5pH demineralisation can occur

65
Q

What happens during pH rise?

A

Saliva rebuffers, counteracting the acid environment

66
Q

What is dental caries chemicaly?

A

If equilibrium between remineralisation is disrupted to favour demineralisation

67
Q

Define dental caries

A

Defined as a continuing chronic loss of mineral ions from the tooth due to the presence of cariogenic bacteria in plaque biofilm and their by-products

68
Q

Describe the pathogenesis of caries

A

Acidodenic bacteria in the plaque biofilm metabolise fermentable carbs to produce lactic acid, which results in decrease of pH below 5.5 begins demineralisation

69
Q

What factors can impact oral health?

A

Individual factors, influenced by behavioural factors, = socio-economic, environment, social determent to health

70
Q

What bacteria are in the Plaque Biolfilm?

A

Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sobrinus and lactobacillus

71
Q

Define Acidogenic

A

Capable of rapidly concerning sugar to acid

72
Q

Define Acidoduric

A

Capable of withstanding low-pH conditions

73
Q

What is the ecological plaque hypothesis?

A

Oral environment plays an important role in determining composition and properties of place, caries can be described as a disturbance in homeostasis of the oral microflora

74
Q

What is the direct effect of diet on OH?

A

Fermentable carbs - composed of sugar molecules

Monosaccharides, glucose and fructose; disaccharides

75
Q

What influences sugar in the diet?

A
  1. Concentration of sugar
  2. Frequency of exposure
  3. Type of sugar
76
Q

What are the protective factors for caries?

A
  1. Saliva
  2. Fluoride
  3. Optimal OH
77
Q

What is an instrumentation stroke?

A

Act of mocing the working-end against the tooth surface

  • calculus removal strokes
  • exploratory strokes
78
Q

What is the stroke direction of instrumentation ?

A

Coronal direction away from the soft tissue

79
Q

What stroke directions are there?

A

Horizontal
Vertical
Oblique

80
Q

Where do you use vertical strokes in the mouth?

A

On anterior teeth on facial, lingual, and proximal surfaces.

On posterior mesial and distal

81
Q

Where do you use oblique strokes?

A

Facial and lingual surfaces of posterior teeth.

82
Q

Where do you use horizontal strokes?

A

Narrow root surfaces of anterior teeth. Used at line angles of posterior teeth.
Can use in furcation areas, in deep pockets

83
Q

What are the three times of instrumentations strokes?

A

Assessment stroke
Root debriefment stroke
Calculus removal stroke

84
Q

Describe the assessment stroke

A

Used to evaluate tooth surfaces, used with explorers to detect calc

85
Q

Describe the function of calculus removal stroke

A

Used to lift calculus deposits off the tooth, used with curets and sickle scalers

86
Q

Describe the function of root debridement stroke

A

Used to remove residual calc deposits, bacterial plaque and by products, root surfaces that are exposed, perio pockets

87
Q

What are the methods for caries detection?

A 
Visual methods
Tactile method
Radiographs 
Trans-lumination 
Dyes
Electronic detection
88
Q

What are some prerequisites for clinical detection of caries?

A

Good lighting

  1. Clean tooth
  2. sharp eye
  3. Correct instruments
89
Q

Describe smooth surface non cavitated caries

A

Earliest demineralisation, white spot lesion, appears chalky and matte

90
Q

Describe smooth cavitated surface caries

A

Visual breakdown of a tooth surface

91
Q

What is approximal surface caries?

A

Smooth surface caries, interproximal space, us e BWs

92
Q

What colour is active non-cavitated lesion?

A

White

93
Q

What colour is inactive non-cavitated lesion?

A

Brown

94
Q

What is root caries?

A

Located on the root surface of the tooth, may appear yellow (dentine). Arrest root caries is darker in colour

95
Q

Define acute caries

A

Rapid progessing, lighter in colour, associated with pulp/inflammation

96
Q

Define chronic cariesL

A

Longstanding, darking in colour, pain may not be common due to dentine protective mechanisims

97
Q

Define arrest caries

A

Usually apear brown or place, this is due to metalic ions and trapped organic debris

98
Q

What is ICDAS II?

A

Plaque removed, assess each tooth wet and dry 5 seconds, inspect tooth again

99
Q

Describe ICDAS II

A 
First digit (0-8) describes tooth surface restoration history. 
Second digit (0-9) describes coronal caries stage

DOH100 Clinical practice and theory (13 decks)

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