Radiography Flashcards

1
Q

When is a radiograph taken in Orthodontics and who sets the guidelines in the UK?

A

After clincal examination of the patient
When clinically justified
BOS guidelines

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2
Q

What are the 3 p’s

A

P - Presence
P - Position
P - Pathology

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3
Q

Why do we take a DPT/OPG

A

This radiograph gives us a general scan of the whole dentition and we can asssess 3P’S,

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4
Q

Why do we take a USO?

A

A USO can be taken to give a cleared reading of something that may be seen in the DPT in the midline, such as impacted canines.

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5
Q

What are the two types of parallax technique?

A

Horizontal - 2 PA’s or PA and USO

Vertical- DPT & USO

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6
Q

What does the acronym SLOB stand for?

A

SAME
LINGUAL/PALATEL
OPPOSITE
BUCCAL

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7
Q

What is IRR 99?

A

Ionising Radiation Regulations

For the safety of those who work with ionising radiation

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8
Q

What is IRMER 2000?

A

Ionising Radiation Medical Exposure Regulations

Responsibility for duty holders and to ensure patient safety

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9
Q

General principles of radiation?

A

Justification - exposure must have benefit
Optimisation - Exposure must be as low as possible
Limitation - Exposure must not exceed limits recommended by ICRP
Radiation dosage - correct dosage for particular radiograph

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10
Q

Why do we take a cephalometric xray?

A

Skeletal discrepancies in the AP and vertical planes

The angulation of incisors?

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11
Q

Where is the porion located?

A

Uppermost part of external auditory meatus

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12
Q

Where is obritale located?

A

Most anterior and inferior part of the orbital margin

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13
Q

Where is the nasion located?

A

The most anterior point on frontal nasal suture

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14
Q

Where is the Anterior nasal spine (ANS)

A

Tip of the ANS of the maxilla

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15
Q

Where is the Posterior nasal spine (PNS)

A

Tip of the PNS of the maxilla

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16
Q

Where is the Gonion located?

A

Most posterior and inferior point of the angle of the mandible

17
Q

Where is the Menton located?

A

Most inferior point on the mandibular symphysis

18
Q

Where is the Pogonion located?

A

The most anterior point on the mandibular symphysis

19
Q

Where is the Gnathian located?

A

The most anterior and inferior point on the mandibular symphysis

20
Q
What are the Eastman analysis for the following?
SNA
SNB 
ANB
FMPA
MMPA
UPPER INCISOR
LOWER INCISOR
INTER INCISOR
A
SNA 81
SNB 78
ANB 3
FMPA 28
MMPA 27
UI 109
LI 93
II 135