Pancreas Flashcards
What part of the pancreas in endocrine?
Islets of Langerhans.
What cells in the pancreas make insulin, glucagon and somatostatin?
Alpha - Glucagon
Beta - Insulin
Delta - Somatostatin
What effect does insulin have on blood glucose?
Insulin decreases blood glucose levels.
What effect does glucagon have on blood glucose?
Glucagon increases blood glucose levels.
Where are the main sites that insulin acts?
Muscle, Liver and Fat.
What does insulin cause?
Glycolysis, Glycogen Storage, Lipogenesis.
How is glucose transported across the plasma membrane?
Glucose Transporters (GLUT)
What is the most important GLUT in muscle/fat?
GLUT 4
What happens to blood glucose in Diabetes Mellitus?
Diabetes mellitus is always categorised by chronic hyperglycaemia.
What is an insulinoma? What are the common clinical signs?
A tumour secreting insulin, which results in extreme hypoglycaemia. It commonly causes weakness, and also neurological signs as the NS cannot use fats.
What is the difference between the two types of Diabetes Mellitus?
Type 1 - Insulin cells do not produce insulin.
Type 2 - Insulin resistance. (Obesity related)
What effect do glucocorticoids have on blood glucose?
They lower blood glucose.
