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AS Chemistry > WM - Phenols > Flashcards

WM - Phenols Flashcards

1
Q

What family are phenols a member of?

A

Alcohol family.

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2
Q

What do phenols have?

A

Benzene rings with -OH groups attached.

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3
Q

What is the formula of phenol?

A

C6H5OH.

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4
Q

How do you the number carbons in phenols?

A

Starting from the one with the -OH group.

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5
Q

What do you use to test for phenols?

A

Iron(III) chloride solution.

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6
Q

What does Iron(III) chloride solution test for?

A

Phenols.

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7
Q

What happens if you add a phenol to neutral iron(III) chloride solution and shake?

A

You get a purple solution.

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8
Q

What is a positive test for phenols?

A

A purple solution when shaken with neutral iron(III) chloride solution.

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9
Q

What are phenols?

A

Weak acids.

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10
Q

What do phenols react with?

A

Strong alkalis and acid anhydrides.

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11
Q

What do phenols do in water?

A

Dissolve a little but to form a phenoxide ion and an H+ ion - so form a weakly acidic solution.

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12
Q

What do phenols form when they react with alkalis?

A

A salt and water.

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13
Q

Why don’t phenols react with carbonate solutions?

A

Because sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) is not a strong enough base to remove the hydrogen ion from a phenol.

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14
Q

What is a good way to tell phenols apart from carboxylic acids?

A

Carboxylic acids react with alkalis and carbonate (giving off CO2 gas) but phenols do not react with carbonates.

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15
Q

What is formed when phenol reacts with sodium hydroxide solution at room temperature?

A

Sodium phenoxide and water.

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16
Q

What happens when phenol reacts with sodium hydroxide solution at room temperature?

A

Sodium phenoxide and water are formed.

The hydrogen ion on the phenol is removed by the -OH ion.

17
Q

Both phenols and alcohols can react with acid anhydrides to form what?

A

An ester and a carboxylic acid.

18
Q

What reacts with phenols to form esters?

A

Acid anhydrides.

19
Q

What can both alcohols and phenols react with?

A

Acid anhydrides.

20
Q

Unlike alcohols, what can’t phenols react with?

A

Carboxylic acids to form an ester.

21
Q

Unlike alcohols, what can’t phenols react with to form an ester?

A

Carboxylic acids.

22
Q

Unlike alcohols, what can’t phenols react with carboxylic acids to form?

A

An ester.

23
Q

What is a good way to test whether a substance is a phenol or a different alcohol?

A

Test whether is reacts with a carboxylic acid to form an ester as phenols cannot do this but other alcohols can.

24
Q

What functional groups does salicylic acid have?

A

The phenol and carboxylic acid functional groups.

25
Q

What colour does the neutral iron(III) chloride turn when these is a positive test for a phenol?

A

Purple

AS Chemistry (44 decks)

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