hypothyroidism

Question 1

What is hypothyroidism?

Answer 1

Thyroid gland is underactive resulting in thyroid hormone deficiency

Question 2

Name 3 causes of primary hypothyroidism?

Answer 2

1. Hashimoto thyroiditis
2. De Quervain thyroiditis
3. Iatrogenic - post thyroidectomy

Question 3

Name a cause of secondary hypothyroidism

Answer 3

1. Pituitary disroders - TSH deficiency

Question 4

Name a cause of tertiary hypothyroidism

Answer 4

Hypothalmic - TRH deficiency

Question 5

Clinical features - symptoms caused by decreased metabolism

Answer 5

1. Fatigue
2. Cold intolerance
3. Weight gain
4. Constipation
5. Bradycardia

Question 6

Clinical features - physical symptoms

Answer 6

1. hair loss
2. cold, dry skin
3. Pertibial and periordbital edema

Question 7

Why does primary hypothyroidism cause hyerprolactinaemia?

Answer 7

1. Increased level of thyroid releasing and thyroid stimulating hormone
2. Increases prolactin secretion aswell

Question 8

Clinical features - hyperprolactinemia

Answer 8

1. secondary amenorrhea, menorrhagia
2. galactorrhea
3. erectile dysfunction
4. decreased libido

Question 9

Clinical features - neuropsych

Answer 9

1. impaired memory and concentration

2. depression

Question 10

Ix - Result of TFTs in Primary hypothyroidism

Answer 10

1. serum free T4 is low

2. TSH is elevated

Question 11

What is the most common cause hypothyroidism worlwide?

Answer 11

iodine deficiency

Question 12

Ix - result of FBC

Answer 12

Megaloblastic anaemia

Question 13

Ix result of U and E

Answer 13

1. low Na
2. low cortisol
3. high cholesterol

Question 14

Ix result of ABG

Answer 14

1. high CO2

Question 15

what is the most common cause of hypothyroidism worldwide?

Answer 15

iodine deficiency