Toxic Alcohols Flashcards
Alcohol Ketoacidosis lab results
high osmolar gap
increased anion gap metabolic acidosis (ketosis)
Alcohol Ketoacidosis clinical features
slurred speech, unsteady gait, AMS
Methanol ingestion Lab results
high osmolar gap, increased anion gap metabolic acidosis
Methanol ingestion clinical features
visual blurring, central scotomata
affert pupillary defect
AMS
Ethylene glycol ingestion lab results
high osmolar gap
increased anion gap metabolic acidosis
calcium oxalate cyrstal in urine
Which toxic alcohol ingestion has calcium oxalate crystals in urine?
ethylene glycol ingestion
Isopropyl alcohol ingestion lab results
high osmolar gap
no increased anion gap metabolic acidosis
Which toxic alcohol doesn’t have an increased anion gap metabolic acidosis?
isopropyl alcohol ingestion (rubbing alcohol)
Isopropyl alcohol ingestion clinical features
CNS depression
disconjugate gaze
absent ciliary reflex
Does isopropyl alcohol have risk for blindness or renal failure
no. Massive ingestions can cause respiratory depression and hypotension.
Tx of isoproypl alcohol ingestion
supportive with IVFs, pressors and mechanical ventilation or HD in rare cases. Fomepizole and GI decomination don’t really help
Salicylate intoxication on labs causes
high AGMA and respiratory alkalosis. Normal osmolar gap
methanol is a
small molecular weight alcohol found in photocopying fluid and de-icing solutions (windshield wiper fluids)
metabolized into alcohol dehydrogenase to formaldehyde and formic acid
long term complications of untreated methanol ingestion
can result in permanent retinal damage, blindness and neurological dysfunction
treatment of methanol poisoning
fomepizole (preferred) or ethanol to compete with alcohol dehydrogenase activity
