9/10 Femoral Triangle

Question 1

what are the four major contents in the femoral triangle? from lateral to medial direction

Answer 1

Femoral nerve

femoral artery

femoral vein

femoral deep empty space with lymph nodes

“NAVeL”

Question 2

what are the three boundaries for the femoral triangle?

Answer 2

base=inguinal ligament

lateral wall = sartorius

medial wall = adductor longus

Question 3

femoral sheath, lies beneath which ligament? what is the main function of the femoral sheath? how long does the femoral sheath?

Answer 3

• inguinal ligament
• encloses the proximal part of femoral vessels and canal, so they can slide smoothly during the hip movement
• the sheath ends 4-10cm distal to the inguinal ligament

Question 4

The femoral sheath encloses three major compartments, what are these? Which element is not included in the femoral sheath?

Answer 4

• lateral (artery)/intermediate (vein) /medial or femoral canal
• the femoral nerve is not included

Question 5

femoral triangle

Answer 5

Question 6

femoral triangle

Question 7

femoral canal is located where?

what does the canal contain and function?

what is the femoral ring?

Answer 7

• medial to the femoral vein
• contain lymph vessels/connective tissue/fat, allows femoral vein to expand during the increased venous return
• small opening covered by parietal peritoneum

Question 8

what is femoral hernia?

Answer 8

Question 9

what are the two subgroups of inguinal lymph nodes?

where is the lymph drain from?

Answer 9

• deep and superficial (proximal and distal) inguinal lymph nodes
• gluteal region/anal canal/anterior abdominal wall

Question 10

Answer 10

Question 11

Answer 11

Question 12

deep femoral inguinal lymph node is running along with which structure?

Answer 12

femoral vein

Question 13

the femoral nerve is controlled by which vertebrae segments?

controls which side of thigh muscles and hip and knee joints?

Answer 13

• L2 to L4
• anterior side and iliacus/sartorius/quadriceps femoris/pectineus

Question 14

muscles innervated by femoral nerve?

cutaneous innervation - #5? #7? and #4?

Answer 14

7 = saphenous nerve

• iliacus/sartorius/quadriceps femoris/pectineus
• # 5 = anterior cutaneous branches of femoral nerve

Question 15

lower extremity dermatomes

Question 16

• anterior hip dislocation may affect which two nerves?
• what is the main nerve affected with Meralgia paresthetica?

Answer 16

• femoral nerve and later femoral cutaneous nerve
• lateral femoral cutaneous nerve, pain along lateral thigh

Question 17

femoral nerve

Answer 17

Question 18

what does the saphenous nerve innervate?

what is the origin nerve for the saphenous nerve?

Answer 18

• anterior and medial knee and leg
• medial foot
• femoral nerve

Question 19

adductor canal and adductor hiatus

Answer 19

Question 20

what’s the major artery supplies to the lower limb?

Answer 20

femoral artery

Question 21

Femoral artery, inferiorly in the thigh, gives rise to descending genicular artery, two branches?

Answer 21

Articular branch

Saphenous branch

Question 22

palpating the femoral artery

Question 23

profunda femoris artery

Answer 23

In femoral triangle, it gives rise to medial and lateral circumflex femoral arteries

Question 24

what do medial and lateral circumflex femoral arteries supply blood to?

Answer 24

medial - femoral head and neck

lateral - lateral thigh muscles and femur head

Question 25

what are the three branches from the lateral circumflex femoral artery?

Answer 25

- ascending - transverse - descending

Question 26

deep femoral artery supplies to which area?

Answer 26

adductor magnus and hamstring muscles

Question 27

deep femoral artery

Question 28

femoral vein, where does it toward to?

Answer 28

femoral triangle apex

Question 29

what are the two clinical applications for the usage of the saphenous vein? what is the affected nerve when a patient complains of pain along the medial border of the foot?

Answer 29

- administering blood, electrolytes, and drugs - coronary bypass surgery - saphenous nerve